何谓语用修辞能力和语用修辞失误?  

What Is Pragma-rhetorical Competence vs Pragma-rhetorical Failure?

作　　者：侯国金 HOU Guojin

机构地区：[1]莆田学院,莆田351100

出　　处：《当代外语研究》2025年第2期65-76,共12页Contemporary Foreign Language Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“新时代国家治理‘中国方案’的话语建构与对外传播模式研究”(编号21BYY091)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：基于语法能力、语用能力、修辞能力,以及新兴界面研究语用修辞学的原则和分析框架,提出语用修辞能力和语用修辞失误的二分。语用修辞能力涵盖全部语用能力、全部修辞能力、大部分语法能力、交际能力、话语能力、应变能力、幽默能力等,涵盖表达中的言语和非言语手段的高效性以及理解的高效性,达到“思、情、貌、言、行”的高效与和谐,符合语用修辞原则(各准则)之要义,而少犯或不犯各类语用修辞失误。提出了八条语用修辞能力或高效的标准。人们都需提高语用修辞能力,避免各式各样的语用修辞失误,以达到语用修辞高效。以语用修辞原则和分析框架分析了若干语用修辞行为案例。Based upon grammatical,pragmatic,and rhetorical competence,and pragma-rhetoric,an emerging interface study of pragmatics and rhetoric,with its Pragma-rhetorical Principle and its corresponding framework for analysis,this paper forwards the binary opposition of pragma-rhetorical competence VS pragma-rhetorical failure.Pragma-rhetorical competence encompasses all pragmatic competence,all rhetorical competence,most of grammatical competence,communicative competence,discourse competence,strain capacity(adaptation competence),humour competence etc.entailing effectiveness of verbal and non-verbal expressions,reaching thought-emotion-kinesics-speech-act effectiveness and harmony,agreeing with the requirement of the Pragma-rhetorical Principle,and making few pragma-rhetorical failures.Eight criteria for pragma-rhetorical competence are set up.It is maintained that all people are supposed to boost their pragma-rhetorical competence in the eight facets whilst avoiding pragma-rhetorical failures of various types.The last section is an analysis of a series of cases of pragma-rhetorical acts by way of the Pragma-rhetorical Principle and its framework.

关 键 词：语用能力 语用修辞学 语用修辞原则 语用修辞能力 语用修辞失误 

分 类 号：H05[语言文字—语言学]