富水花岗质混合岩深埋隧道突涌水灾变机制及防治措施  

Research on Mechanism and Prevention Measures for Sudden Flood Disasters in Deep Buried Tunnels of Rich Water Granite Mixed Rock

作　　者：严少洋 高富强[1] 王齐 何朋立[1] 姬木楠 叶红宇 YAN Shao-yang;GAO Fu-qiang;WANG Qi;HE Peng-li;JI Nan;YE Hong-yu(School of Intelligent Construction and Civil Engineering,Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;China Gezhouba Group Municipal Engineering Co.Ltd.,Yichang 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳理工学院智能建造与土木工程学院,洛阳市471023 [2]中国葛洲坝集团市政工程有限公司,宜昌市443002

出　　处：《公路》2025年第4期455-462,共8页Highway

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目,项目编号51874123;河南省自然科学基金面上项目,项目编号242300421255。

摘　　要：为解决富水花岗质混合岩地质条件下深埋隧道突涌水灾害性难题,以正盘台隧道1号斜井穿越富水花岗质混合岩破碎带为工程依托,结合花岗质混合岩弱风化、节理裂隙发育、岩体破碎、围岩稳定性差等特点,分析爆破动载扰动、开挖卸荷作用与高压水共同作用对破碎带岩体发生突涌水灾变特征及破坏演化过程,阐述爆破动载扰动、开挖卸荷作用与高压水共同作用下的隧道发生突涌水灾变机制。借助超前水平钻探、地震反射波法及地质雷达等手段对地质特征进行超前精准预报,依据岩性发育、地下水赋存程度等地质情况提出排水封堵、另设迂回导洞、超前长管棚+超前预注浆等相结合的防控措施进行施工。现场应用情况表明,施工防控措施有效地控制了深埋隧道穿越富水断裂破碎带突涌水灾害,保证了深埋隧道穿越富水断裂破碎带的施工安全。In order to solve the problem of sudden flood disasters in deep buried tunnels under the geological conditions of rich water granite mixed rock,relying on the engineering background of the No.1 inclined shaft of the Zhengpantai Tunnel crossing fractured zone of rich water granite mixed rock,combining the characteristics of weak weathering,developed joints and fissures,fractured rock mass,and poor stability of surrounding rock in granite mixed rock,the characteristics and evolution process of sudden water inrush disasters in fractured rock masses caused by blasting dynamic disturbance,excavation unloading,and high-pressure water are analyzed.The mechanism of sudden flood disasters in tunnels under the combined effects of blasting dynamic disturbance,excavation unloading,and high-pressure water is elaborated.Advanced and accurate prediction of geological features is achieved through advanced horizontal drilling,seismic reflection method,and geological radar.Based on geological conditions such as lithological development and groundwater occurrence,a combination of prevention and control measures such as drainage sealing,additional detour tunnels,advanced long pipe sheds,and advanced pre-grouting have been proposed.The on-site application situation shows that the construction prevention and control measures have effectively controlled the sudden water inrush disaster of deep buried tunnels passing through the rich water fracture zone,ensuring the construction safety of deep buried tunnels.The research results can provide reference for similar project construction.

关 键 词：深埋隧道 富水花岗质混合岩 突涌水 灾变机制 超前精准预报 

分 类 号：U456.32[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]