锌肥对甜叶菊生长、光合特性及甜菊糖苷含量的影响  

Effects of Zinc Fertilizers on the Growth,Photosynthetic Property and Steviol Glycoside Content of Stevia

作　　者：王翠丽 谢忠清 马金慧 WANG Cuili;XIE Zhongqing;MA Jinhui(Gansu Academy of Agricultural Engineering&Technology,Lanzhou 730000)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业工程技术研究院,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国糖料》2025年第2期72-78,共7页Sugar Crops of China

基　　金：甘肃省知识产权计划项目“甜叶菊高效栽培关键技术的产业化应用与示范”(22ZSCQ05)资助。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨锌肥处理对甜叶菊生长、光合特性及甜菊糖苷含量的影响。【方法】以甜叶菊‘陇甜菊2号’为试材,设置4个锌肥水平(7.5、12.5、17.5、22.5 kg/hm2),测定生长指标、光合特性和甜菊糖苷含量。【结果】喷施锌肥可以不同程度促进甜叶菊植株的光合作用和生长,提高叶片产量和糖苷含量。其中T2(12.5 kg/hm2)处理的株高、分枝数最高,分别较CK提高11.86%和54.50%。T3(17.5 kg/hm2)处理分枝长最大,较CK提高13.30%。不同水平锌肥处理之间甜叶菊茎鲜重、叶片鲜重和干重无显著差异。随着锌肥水平提高,叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,其中T3处理净光合速率、胞间二氧化碳浓度和气孔导度最大,较对照(CK)分别提高26.96%、12.06%和34.11%。T2处理的瑞鲍迪苷A(RA)、甜菊苷(STV)、瑞鲍迪苷C(RC)和总苷含量最高,较CK分别提高31.91%、35.16%、24.68%和46.75%。【结论】当锌肥水平为12.5~17.5 kg/hm2时,甜叶菊植株生长较好,光合作用增强,糖苷含量较高。【Objective】To investigate the effects of zinc fertilizers on the growth,photosynthesis and steviol glycoside content of stevia,【Methods】‘Longtian No.2’was used as the material,and four zinc fertilizer levels(7.5,12.5,17.5,and 22.5 kg/hm2)were applied to determine the growth,photosynthetic characteristics and stevia glycoside content.【Results】The results showed that spraying zinc fertilizer promoted the photosynthesis and growth of stevia plants to varying degrees,and improved the leaf yield and glycoside content.Among treatments,T2(12.5 kg/hm2)had the highest plant height and branch number,which were 11.86%and 54.50%higher than CK,respectively.T3(17.5kg/hm2)treatment resulted in the longest branch length,which was 13.30%higher than CK.There were no significant differences in stem fresh weight,leaf fresh weight and dry weight between the zinc treatments.With the increase of zinc levels,the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci)all showed a trend of the first increase and then decrease,in which the Pn,Ci and Gs were the largest in T3 treatment,increasing by 26.96%,12.06%and 34.11%,respectively,compared to CK.The highest content of repodiside A(RA),stevioside(STV),repodiside C(RC)and total steviol glycoside were found in T2,with increases of 31.91%,35.16%,24.68%and 46.75%,respectively,compared to CK.【Conclusion】Therefore,zinc levels at 12.5-17.5 kg/hm2 promotes optimal growth of stevia,enhances its photosynthesis,and increases its steviol glycoside content.

关 键 词：甜叶菊 锌 生长 光合特性 甜菊糖苷 

分 类 号：S566.9[农业科学—作物学]