中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔获组成的时空变化  

Spatial and temporal variations of tuna purse seine catch composition in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean

作　　者：杨珊 石一茜[1,2,3] 冯佶 林琴琴 戴小杰 朱江峰[1,2,3] YANG Shan;SHI Yiqian;FENG Ji;LIN Qinqin;DAI Xiaojie;ZHU Jiangfeng(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Sustainable Eaploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2025年第2期175-187,共13页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41676120)。

摘　　要：为了解中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔业的渔获组成及其时空变化规律,根据1984—2020年中国、美国、西班牙围网作业渔船在中西太平洋海域的生产统计资料,对金枪鱼渔获量、单位捕捞努力量渔获量(catch per unit effort,CPUE)以及鲣(Katsuwonus pelamis)、黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)和大眼金枪鱼(Thunnus obesus)3种金枪鱼渔获量比例等进行分析,重点研究了渔获率的年代间变化。结果表明:1)同一作业方式的不同船队鱼种渔获量比重相似;自由集群与人工集鱼装置(fish aggregation devices,FADs)的鱼种渔获量组成存在显著差异(P<0.05,R=0.528),近年间,自由集群作业方式渔获比重增大。2)各船队捕捞区域主要集中于太平洋西部海域,不同年代捕捞热点区域与物种组成存在差异,而同一年代内各物种渔获量比例较为相似,统计年间渔场中心呈从西部海域向东南方向移动的趋势。3)3种金枪鱼CPUE季间差异较小,鲣年间CPUE差异较大,呈连年增加的趋势。研究结果可为中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔业的可持续发展提供科学参考。Knowledge of the state of resource variability of tuna species is of great significance for the scientific conservation and management of tuna.Long-term purse seine fisheries using FADs may cause changes in species composition of the ecosystem,which may lead to the imbalance of marine ecosystem.Therefore,mastering the catch composition of purse seine tuna and its spatial and temporal distribution is crucial for further understanding the changes in ecosystem structure and function under the influence of fisheries.The tuna purse seine fishery in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean is one of the most important pelagic fisheries in the world.Understanding the catch composition of tuna purse seine fishery and their spatial and temporal variation can provide an important basis for resource assessment of major economic species such as Katsuwonus pelamis,Thunnus albacares and Thunnus obesus.In order to understand the catch composition of tuna purse seine fishery in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean and its spatial and temporal patterns of change,based on the production statistics of fishing fleets operating with purse seine nets from China,the United States,and Spain in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean from 1984 to 2020,we conducted a study on the catch of tuna,the catch per unit effort(CPUE),and catch proportions of the above three tuna species,with emphasis on interdecadal variation of their catch rates.The results showed that:1)The catch proportion of each species was similar for different fleets of the same operation,and there was a significant difference in the catch composition of each species between free school and fish aggregation devices(FADs)operation(P<0.05,R=0.528);2)The fishing areas of each fleet were mainly concentrated in the west of the Pacific Ocean and there were differences in the area and species composition of fishing hotspots in different decades,while the proportion of catch of each species in the same decade was relatively similar,and the center of the fishing grounds showed a trend o

关 键 词：渔获量比例组成 年代间变化 金枪鱼围网 时空分布 中西太平洋 

分 类 号：S977[农业科学—捕捞与储运]