南极磷虾捕捞技术和装备研究进展  

Research progress on the Antarctic krill fishing technology and equipment

作　　者：王万勇 郭黎明 池炼 陆楠 WANG Wanyong;GUO Liming;CHI Lian;LU Chengnan(Jiangsu Sunline Deep Sea Fishery Co.,Ltd.,Lianyungang Jiangsu 222000,China;Jiangsu Sunline Biomarine Technology Co.,Ltd.,Lianyungang Jiangsu 222000,China;Jiangsu Antarctic Krill High-value Application Technology Research Co.,Ltd.,Lianyungang Jiangsu 222000,China;Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Antarctic Krill,Lianyungang Jiangsu 222000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏深蓝远洋渔业有限公司,江苏连云港222000 [2]江苏深蓝生物科技有限公司,江苏连云港222000 [3]江苏南极磷虾高值应用技术研究有限公司,江苏连云港222000 [4]连云港市南极磷虾工程技术研究中心,江苏连云港222000

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2025年第2期322-332,共11页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2401202);江苏省海洋资源开发技术创新中心科技计划项目(LWK-08)。

摘　　要：由于南极磷虾独特的群落特性和个体特征,其捕捞技术和装备与常规的渔业捕捞有较大差异。概述了南极磷虾捕捞技术和装备的发展历程和使用现状。通过对艉滑道网板拖网捕捞、桁杆连续泵吸捕捞及双网或多网结合泵吸的捕捞技术等多种典型的南极磷虾捕捞技术的对比,分析了各种南极磷虾捕捞工艺及配套装备在效率、产量、质量等方面的特点,各捕捞工艺各有优劣,需要结合船舶定位和实际需求加以选择配置。在此基础上,提出了南极磷虾捕捞技术发展的方向应是提升捕捞效率、降低磷虾损伤和死亡率并提高自动化水平。研究可为我国南极磷虾产业发展提供参考。In the context of significant transformation within the global fishery resource landscape,traditional offshore fishery resources have exhibited a discernible decline as a consequence of prolonged overexploitation and alterations in marine ecological environment.Concurrently,in the domain of ocean fishing,with the escalating attention of nations towards maritime rights and strict pertinent regulations,the fishing area has become increasingly circumscribed.Amidst this dual predicament,Antarctic krill has emerged as a prominent new focus.Antarctic krill possesses distinctive community and individual characteristics,manifested by a substantial population magnitude and an extensive distribution expanse.In contrast to fish resources targeted by conventional fishing modalities,the fishing techniques and equipment requisite for Antarctic krill encounter particular challenges,and substantial disparities exist between the two.For illustration,the dense congregations and fragile physical constitution of Antarctic krill impose exacting demands on the design and operational modalities of fishing nets.This article endeavored to conduct an exploration of the development and practical implementation of Antarctic krill fishing technology and equipment.A multi-faceted research methodology was employed.This entailed an extensive perusal of relevant professional literature both domestically and internationally,profound exchanges and interviews with seasoned krill ship captains,and procuring relevant information from equipment manufacturers.A comprehensive and meticulous comparative analysis was executed on several paradigmatic Antarctic krill fishing techniques(such as traditional pelagic trawl,beam continuous trawl,continuous pumping system with double-net or triple-net,etc.),and the idiosyncratic features manifested by diverse Antarctic krill fishing processes and their main equipment were preliminarily and systematically collated.The research outcomes unequivocally demonstrated that each had its own advantages and disadvantages.I

关 键 词：南极磷虾捕捞加工船 桁杆连续泵吸 气举提升 网囊 

分 类 号：S973.2[农业科学—捕捞与储运]