反电信网络诈骗检察公益诉讼制度的现实困境与完善路径  

On Anti-Telecommunications Network Fraud Prosecutorial Public Interest Litigation System of the Realistic Dilemma and Improvement Path

作　　者：王钰涵 柯阳友[1] WANG Yu-han;KE Yang-you(School of Law,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学法学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《河北法学》2025年第7期180-200,共21页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“家事审判改革理论与实证研究”(20FFXB058);河北省研究生创新资助项目“检察公益诉讼专门立法重点问题研究”(CXZZBS2025004)的成果。

摘　　要：电信网络诈骗是危害国家安全与社会公共利益的严重违法犯罪行为,相关联犯罪与诈骗类型众多。反电信网络诈骗检察公益诉讼可以从源头上预防电信诈骗,弥补刑事退赔的不足,有利于开展协同治理。司法实践中面临公益诉讼适用案件范围不确定、电子数据证据难以获取与认定、民事赔偿责任的缺位、行政公益诉讼的协同效应不足等困境。应当从犯罪竞合与公共利益认定两个角度明确公益诉讼适用的案件范围,完善电子数据证据调查搜集与审查判断的标准与规则,准确把握民事公益诉讼的侵权主体,合理设计民事损害赔偿的诉讼请求,充分发挥行政公益诉讼督促履职与协同治理的作用。Telecommunications network fraud is a serious illegal and criminal act that endangers national security and social public interests,with numerous types of related crimes and fraud.Anti-telecommunications fraud prosecutorial public interest litigation can prevent telecommunications fraud from the source,make up for the shortcomings of criminal compensation,and facilitate collaborative governance.In judicial practice,there are challenges such as uncertainty in the scope of application of public interest litigation cases,difficulty in obtaining and determining electronic data evidence,lack of civil compensation liability,and insufficient synergy in administrative public interest litigation.We should clarify the scope of cases applicable to public interest litigation from the perspectives of criminal competition and public interest determination,improve the standards and rules for electronic data evidence investigation,collection,review,and judgment,accurately grasp the infringing subjects of civil public interest litigation,reasonably design litigation claims for civil damages compensation,and fully play the role of administrative public interest litigation in supervising performance and collaborative governance.

关 键 词：电信网络诈骗 诈骗罪 检察公益诉讼 电子数据 惩罚性赔偿 

分 类 号：DF73[政治法律—诉讼法学]