实习护生就业意向的影响因素及作用路径分析  

Analysis of influencing factors and acting paths of employment intentions of nursing interns

作　　者：庄嘉欣 刘清娴 苏静 张丹纯 樊蕴珊 ZHUANG Jiaxin;LIU Qingxian;SU Jing;ZHANG Danchun;FAN Yunshan(Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518000;School of Nursing,Shantou University Medical College,Shantou,Guangdong,515041;CCU,The Eighth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518033;Department of Emergency Medicine,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518036)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学深圳医院胸心外科,广东深圳518000 [2]汕头大学医学院护理学系,广东汕头515041 [3]中山大学第八附属医院CCU,广东深圳518033 [4]北京大学深圳医院急诊科,广东深圳518036

出　　处：《中西医结合护理》2025年第4期25-35,共11页Chinese Journal of Integrative Nursing

摘　　要：目的探索实习护生就业意向现状及影响因素,并分析作用路径关系。方法采用便利抽样法,使用一般资料调查表、职业认同感量表、职业生涯规划量表对广东省7所三级甲等医院的实习护生进行调查,应用SPSS和AMOS软件进行统计分析。结果共纳入267名实习护生,其中有151(56.55%)名实习护生表明毕业后愿意从事临床护理工作;护生职业认同得分为(56.64±12.26)分,职业规划得分为(90.43±13.36)分。单因素分析及多元有序Logistic回归分析结果显示:“专业热爱度”(OR=0.64,P<0.05)和“职业认同”(OR=0.80,P<0.01)为实习护生毕业后选择从事临床护理工作的独立影响因素。路径分析结果显示:模型指标GFI=0.94、AGFI=0.91、NFI=0.91、CFI=0.92、RMSEA=0.03;职业认同感不仅能直接影响就业意愿,还能通过就业信心和自我规划间接影响就业意向(总效应值为0.60);职业生涯规划对就业意愿作用的总效应值为0.65,其中就业信心和自我规划直接影响就业意向(直接效应值分别为0.05、0.13),自我认识通过自我规划间接影响就业意向(间接效应值为0.07),职业认识可通过就业信心、自我规划和职业认同间接影响就业意向(间接效应值为0.40)。结论实习护生毕业后从事临床护理工作的意愿不高,受多种因素影响,护理教育者和管理者可以根据实习护生就业意向影响因素的作用路径采取干预措施,以提高护生毕业后从事临床护理工作的意愿,减少护理人才流失,稳定护理队伍。Objective To explore the employment intention and influencing factors of nursing interns,and analyze the pathways of these influencing factors.Methods A Convenience sampling method was used,and surveys were conducted on the nursing interns at seven hospitals in Guangdong Province using general information questionnaires,professional identity scales,and career planning scales.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS.Results A total of 267 nursing interns were included,of which 151(56.60%)were willing to engage in clinical nursing work after graduation.Professional identity score was(56.64±12.26),and career planning score was(90.43±13.36).Univariate analysis and multivariate ordinal Logistic regression analysis showed that professional passion(OR=0.64,P<0.05)and"professional identity"(OR=0.75,P<0.001)were independent influencing factors for nursing interns to choose clinical nursing work after graduation.Path analysis results showed:the model indicators GFI=0.94,AGFI=0.91,NFI=0.91,CFI=0.92,RMSEA=0.03;professional identity can not only directly affect employment intentions but also indirectly affect employment intentions through employment confidence and self-planning(total effect value was 0.60);The total effect value of the effect of career planning on employment intention was 0.65,employment confidence and self-planning could directly affect employment intention(direct effect values were 0.05 and 0.13,respectively);Self-awareness indirectly could affect employment intention through self-planning(indirect effect value was 0.07);Career awareness can indirectly affect employment intention through employment confidence,self-planning and career identity(the indirect effect value was 0.40).Conclusion The willingness of nursing interns to engage in clinical nursing work after graduation is not high and is influenced by various factors.Nursing educators and managers can take intervention measures based on the pathways of influencing factors of nursing students'employment intentions to improve their willin

关 键 词：就业意向 路径分析 职业认同感 职业生涯规划 实习护生 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]