从《眼科奇书》谈老年眼病的中医预防  

Discussion on Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention of Age-related Eye Diseases from the Perspective of Yan Ke Qi Shu

作　　者：张淑琴 佟彤 王欣甜 舒忻[1] 聂立聪 李香琳 秦绍林 ZHANG Shuqin;TONG Tong;WANG Xintian;SHU Xin;NIE Licong;LI Xianglin;QIN Shaolin(Eye Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100040,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院眼科医院,北京100040

出　　处：《中国中医眼科杂志》2025年第5期458-462,共5页China Journal of Chinese Ophthalmology

基　　金：中国中医科学院眼科医院高水平中医医院项目(GSP1-14)。

摘　　要：随着我国逐步迈入老龄化时代,眼病对老年人生活质量的影响愈发严重,因而对老年眼病进行中医防治的需求也日益迫切。《眼科奇书》作为一部特色鲜明的眼科专书,以论、方、量、效之“奇”闻名。其病因观点独特,治疗思路清晰,对后世中医眼病的临床诊疗影响深远,特别是“外障是寒、内障是气”理论,高度概括了老年眼病的病因病机,为老年眼病的预防提供了关键理论支撑。本文基于《眼科奇书》中关于眼病的病因病机展开深入探讨,外感方面,从风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火6个方面切入,着重强调风寒邪气;内伤方面,则主要从肝肾亏虚、肝郁气滞、脾虚清阳不升3个角度剖析。最终归纳出防外感风寒、防气机郁滞、防肝肾亏虚、防气虚失养这4条老年眼病的主要防治思路。As China gradually enters an aging society,eye diseases increasingly impact the quality of life among the elderly,making the demand for Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)-based on prevention and treatment of age-related eye diseases more urgent.Yan Ke Qi Shu,a distinctive ophthalmology monograph,is renowned for its"miraculous"theories,prescriptions,dosages,and efficacy.Its unique perspectives on etiology and clear therapeutic approaches have profoundly influenced the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Ophthalmology of TCM in later generations.In particular,the theory that"external visual obstructions are caused by cold,while internal visual obstructions are caused by Qi"succinctly summarizes the etiology and pathogenesis of age-related eye diseases,providing crucial theoretical support for their prevention.This paper delves into the etiology and pathogenesis of eye diseases as discussed in Yan Ke Qi Shu.Regarding external factors,the analysis is conducted from six aspects——wind,cold,summer heat,dampness,dryness,and fire——with particular emphasis on wind-cold pathogens.As for internal injuries,the discussion primarily revolves around three perspectives:Liver-kidney deficiency,liver Qi stagnation,and spleen deficiency leading to failure of clear Yang to ascend.Ultimately,four key preventive and therapeutic strategies for age-related eye diseases are summarized:Guarding against external wind-cold pathogens,preventing Qi stagnation,avoiding liver-kidney deficiency,and protecting against Qi deficiency and malnutrition.

关 键 词：眼科奇书 老年眼病 中医预防 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科] R276.7[医药卫生—临床医学]