基于中医“体质学说”的干眼研究进展  

Research Progress on Dry Eye Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Theory

作　　者：王梓萌 李凯[1] WANG Zimeng;LI Kai(Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nan-jing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学附属医院,南京210029

出　　处：《中国中医眼科杂志》2025年第5期487-490,共4页China Journal of Chinese Ophthalmology

基　　金：江苏省中医药科技发展项目重点项目(ZD202102)。

摘　　要：干眼作为一种复杂的慢性眼表疾病,其发病机制与个体的体质特征密切相关。本文系统地综述了中医“体质学说”在干眼防治中的研究进展,重点从体质分布规律、影响因素及干预策略3个方面进行阐述。干眼患者的体质类型表现出显著的群体异质性:青少年以湿热质为主,中年人群多见阴虚质与湿热质并存,而老年人群的典型表现为气虚质;性别差异方面,女性以阴虚质和气虚质为主,男性则多见湿热质和痰湿质;地域气候和基础疾病对体质特征的影响也表现明显,北方寒地热性体质高发,代谢性疾病患者则常见阴虚燥热体质。基于“辨体-辨病-辨证”诊疗理念,本研究提出三级防控策略:初级预防侧重体质辨识与环境适应的指导;次级干预强调体质与证候结合的个体化治疗;而三级管理则着重通过非药物疗法调节体质偏颇。现有研究尚存在样本量不足、地域局限等问题,未来应扩大研究规模,并结合人工智能工具,深入挖掘中医“体质学说”的应用潜力,推动干眼诊疗进入“精准辨体、动态调治”的新阶段。Dry eye,as a complex and chronic ocular surface disease,is closely related to an individual´s constitutional characteristics.This paper systematically reviews the research progress on the prevention and treatment of dry eye from the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)constitution theory,focusing on three main aspects:Distribution patterns of body constitu⁃tion,influencing factors,and intervention strategies.Studies have revealed significant heterogene⁃ity in TCM constitution types among patients with dry eye:Youth predominantly present with damp-heat constitution;Middle-aged individuals often exhibit a combination of Yin deficiency and damp-heat constitution;And the elderly typically show Qi deficiency constitution.Gender differ⁃ences are also apparent-females are more likely to have Yin deficiency and Qi deficiency constitu⁃tions,while males tend to have damp-heat and phlegm-damp constitutions.Geographical climate and underlying diseases exert significant influences on constitutional characteristics.Notably,Yang-excess(heat)constitutions are highly prevalent in northern cold regions,while patients with metabolic disorders predominantly manifest Yin-deficiency with dryness-heat constitutions.Based on the TCM diagnostic model of"pattern differentiation based on constitution,disease,and syn⁃drome",this study proposes a three-tiered prevention and control strategy:Primary prevention em⁃phasizes constitution identification and environmental adaptation;Secondary prevention focuses on individualized treatment integrating constitution and syndrome differentiation;Tertiary manage⁃ment aims to regulate constitutional imbalances through non-pharmacological therapies.However,current studies are limited by small sample sizes and regional constraints.Future research should expand in scale and integrate artificial intelligence tools to further explore the potential of TCM constitution theory and promote a new stage of precision constitution differen⁃tiation and dynamic regulation in the di⁃agnos

关 键 词：干眼 中医体质 辨证施治 

分 类 号：R777.34[医药卫生—眼科] R276.7[医药卫生—临床医学]