数字技术赋能高质量充分就业:作用机理与路径选择  

Empowering High Quality and Full Employment with Digital Technology:Mechanism and Path Selection

作　　者：顾冬冬 Gu Dongdong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2025年第4期24-35,共12页Economist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“全面建成小康社会背景下相对贫困治理的实现路径研究”(22&ZD059);中国社会科学院大学2025年研究生科研创新支持计划“过渡期后农村低收入人口识别与分类帮扶——基于参与式贫富排序的一项探索性试验”。

摘　　要：数字技术的快速发展催生了新产业新业态新模式,逐渐成为高质量充分就业的新引擎和重要驱动力量。从理论上讲,数字技术赋能高质量充分就业主要得益于头雁效应、乘数效应、涓滴效应发挥,提高就业形态的创新与引领效率,促进就业岗位的扩容与升级,实现就业机会的扩散与普惠。数字技术主要通过就业机会增加、就业结构优化、就业环境改善、人岗匹配高效、劳动关系和谐五条作用机理赋能高质量充分就业。进一步推动数字技术赋能高质量充分就业,亟须缩小数字鸿沟,加快平台经济发展;加强数字技能培训,着力解决结构性就业矛盾;加强数字基础设施建设,完善数字就业服务生态;提高数字技术与就业融合度,提升政府数字化就业服务水平;规范平台企业用工行为,加大数字从业人员就业权益保护。The rapid development of digital technology has given rise to new industries, new business forms and new models, which have gradually become a new engine and an important driving force for high-quality and full employment. Theoretically speaking, digital technology empowers high-quality full employment mainly thanks to the wild goose effect, the multiplier effect and the trickle-down effect, which improves the innovation and leading efficiency of the employment pattern, promotes the expansion and upgrading of jobs, and realizes the diffusion and inclusion of employment opportunities. Digital technology mainly empowers high-quality and full employment through five mechanisms includes increasing employment opportunities, optimizing employment structure, improving employment environment, efficient matching of people and positions, and creating harmonious labor relations. To further promote the empowerment of high-quality and full employment through digital technology, it is imperative to narrow the digital divide and accelerate the development of the platform economy;to strengthen digital skills training and address structural employment imbalances;to enhance the construction of digital infrastructure and improve the ecosystem of digital employment services;to increase the integration of digital technologies with employment and elevate the level of government digital employment services;and to standardize the employment practices of platform enterprises while strengthening the protection of labor rights and interests for digital workers.

关 键 词：数字技术 高质量充分就业 就业质量 就业赋能 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济]