运动乐趣如何促进农村偏远地区儿童青少年的心理健康?——积极情绪拓建作用检验  

How Does Physical Activity Enjoyment Promote Mental Health of Children and Adolescents in Rural Areas?Examining Broadening and Building Function of Positive Emotions

作　　者：徐霞[1,2] 刘沣仪 王志强[1] 郜卫峰[1] 陈蔚[1] 徐靖芮 柳鸣毅[1] 黄佳瑷[1,2] XU Xia;LIU Fengyi;WANG Zhiqiang;GAO Weifeng;CHEN Wei;XU Jingrui;LIU Mingyi;HUANG Jiaai(Wuhan Sports Univ.,Wuhan 430079,China;Hubei Key Lab of Sport Training and Monitoring,Wuhan Sports Univ.,Wuhan 430079,China;Central Univ.of Finance and Economics,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]武汉体育学院运动训练监控湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430079 [3]中央财经大学管理科学与工程学院,北京100081

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2025年第4期68-79,共12页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81971661);湖北省高等学校省级教学研究项目(2021408);“运动与脑科学”湖北高校优势特色学科群。

摘　　要：目的:探讨运动乐趣对偏远地区儿童青少年抑郁和焦虑等心理健康问题的预防缓解影响,并探析自尊、生命意义感心理资源和体育乡村支教人力资源在其间可能的链式中介作用和调节作用。方法:采用运动乐趣量表、自尊量表、生命意义感量表、流调中心抑郁量表、广泛性焦虑障碍量表对8810名偏远地区儿童青少年进行调查,采用每万人拥有志愿者人数作为体育乡村支教人力资源的评价指标。结果:运动乐趣对偏远地区儿童青少年自尊和生命意义感的正向影响显著(p<0.001),运动乐趣对抑郁和焦虑的负向影响显著(p<0.001);在运动乐趣影响偏远地区儿童青少年抑郁和焦虑的过程中,自尊、生命意义感的链式中介效应显著,总间接效应贡献率为70.2%和61.6%;体育乡村支教人力资源在运动乐趣和自尊的关系中起调节作用。结论:运动乐趣既直接预防和缓解偏远地区儿童青少年的抑郁和焦虑问题,还通过发展学生的自尊和生命意义感,从而减少抑郁和焦虑;体育乡村支教人力资源越充足,运动乐趣对偏远地区儿童青少年心理健康促进作用越强。基于此,从加强运动乐趣的战略意义认识,推动体育、教育及卫生健康等部门的深度融合,开展体育支教志愿服务行动,推进多学科综合、高校-体育和教育部门-中小学协同促进农村偏远地区儿童青少年积极心理发展等方面提出建议。This study aimed to investigate the impact of physical activity enjoyment on self-esteem,sense of meaning in life,depression,and anxiety among rural children and adolescents.It examined the chain mediating and moderating effect of self-esteem,sense of meaning in life,and rural sports volunteer teaching.A survey was carried out among 8810 rural children and adolescents using tools including the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale,Self-Esteem Scale,Meaning in Life Questionnaire,Depression Scale of Center for Epidemiologic Studies,and General Anxiety Disorder Scale.The number of volunteers per 10000 people served as an evaluation index for rural sports volunteer teaching resources.The results showed that physical activity enjoyment significantly and positively influenced self-esteem and sense of meaning in life(p<0.001),while significantly reducing depression and anxiety among rural children and adolescents(p<0.001).During the process of physical activity enjoyment affecting depression and anxiety,the chain mediation effect of self-esteem and sense of meaning in life was notable,with a total indirect effect contribution rate of 70.2%and 61.6%.Additionally,rural sports volunteer teaching resources moderated the impact of physical activity enjoyment on self-esteem.Physical activity enjoyment could directly and indirectly improve the mental health of rural children and adolescents.Not only did physical activity enjoyment directly alleviate depression and anxiety among rural children and adolescents,but it also reduced these issues by enhancing their self-esteem and sense of meaning in life.Moreover,increasing rural sports volunteer teaching resources amplified the positive effect of physical activity enjoyment on the mental health of rural children and adolescents.Based on this,suggestions were put forward from the strategic significance of strengthening physical activity enjoyment,promoting the deep integration of sports,education,health and other departments,carrying out sports teaching volunteer service actions,promot

关 键 词：运动乐趣 体育乡村支教 儿童青少年 自尊 生命意义感 抑郁 焦虑 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]