健康幼龄童口咽部流感嗜血杆菌分离株的药敏分析  

The Study on the drug-susceptibility test of Haemophilns Influenzae in Oral Pharynx of Healthy Preschool Children in Fuzhou

作　　者：赖国祥[1] 黄梁浒[2] 张鸿文[1] 叶礼燕[3] 陈新民[3] 

机构地区：[1]福州总医院呼吸内科 [2]福州总医院检验科 [3]福州总医院小儿科

出　　处：《福州总医院学报》2002年第1期21-23,共3页Journal of Fuzhou General Hospital

摘　　要：目的:了解健康幼龄童口咽部流感嘈血杆菌(Hi)分离株对常用抗生索的耐药情况,提供Hi感染的临床治疗依据。方法:选择幼儿园日托儿童603名,在每个季度的第一个月咽拭子取材,在改良哥伦比亚巧克力琼脂培养基上进行Hi分离培养,对2053份标本中分离到的403株Hi分离株进行K-B法体外药物敏感性试验及β-内酰胺酶测定。结果:Hi分离株对青霉素类、头孢拉啶、红霉素、复方新诺明有较高的耐药率;对含β-内酰胺酶抑制剂的新型青霉素类、第二代头孢菌素、第三代头孢菌素、氟喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类、氯霉素及新型大环内酯类抗生素具有较高的敏感性。多重耐药菌占31.0%。Hi分离株β-内酰胺酶产酶率32.8%,多重耐药菌产酶率91.2%。结论:治疗儿童Hi感染的一线药物,可推荐使用含β-内酰胺酶抑制剂的新型青霉素类,第二、三代头孢菌素。Objective: To investigate the drug resistance of haemophilus influenzae(Hi) in oral pharynx healthy preschool children in Fuzhou, and for the clinical cure of Hi infection. Methods: Take 603 healthy children in two representative kindergartens in Fuzhou as the research subjects, and samples were obtained from oral pharynx by the methods of oropharyngeal swab in the first month of every seasons. Samples were cultured on Improved Columbia Chocolated Agar (ICCA). Drug-susceptibility test(K-B method) and β-lactamase detection were perfomed in 403 Hi strains from 2053 samples. Results: There were high resistance rate in Hi strains to penicillin, cefradine, erythrocin, trimetoprim-sulfa; while there were high susceptibility to new penicillin containing β-lactamase, second generation cephalosporin, third generation cephalosporin, fluoquinolone, amino glycoside, chloronitrin and new macrolides. Multi-drug resistant bacteria held 31.0%. The β-lactamase positive rate in Hi strains was 32.8%, while Hi it was 91.2% in multi-drug resistant. Conclusion: As the first—line drugs to treat infections caused by Hi in child, penicillin V containing β-lactamase inhibitor, second and third generation cephalosporin.

关 键 词：口咽部流感嗜血杆菌感染 药物敏感性 儿童 抗生素 合理用药 

分 类 号：R781.5[医药卫生—口腔医学] R969.[医药卫生—临床医学]