普通小麦D染色体组微卫星分子标记遗传差异研究  

Genetic Diversity of D-genome Revealed by SSR Markers in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

作　　者：倪中福[1] 张义荣[1] 梁荣奇[1] 刘广田[1] 孙其信[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物遗传育种系,北京100094

出　　处：《作物学报》2003年第1期145-151,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金重点项目 (5 9910 0 1和 6990 0 0 1);国家自然科学基金重大项目 (3 993 0 110 )资助

摘　　要：本研究采用微卫星 (SSR)分子标记技术 ,对我国不同生态区的 6个春小麦品种 (系 )及北方冬麦区的 17个冬小麦品种 (系 ) D染色体组的遗传多样性进行了分析。结果显示 ,2 3个微卫星引物在 2 3份材料间共扩增出 6 5个等位基因 ,平均每个引物为 2 .9个。分析发现 ,冬小麦群体内检测到的等位基因数 (6 0个 )及平均遗传距离 (0 .4 5 0 4 )明显高于春小麦 (48个和 0 .344 9) ,说明冬小麦较春小麦群体内存在更大的遗传差异 ,但总体来看 ,我国普通小麦 D染色体组的遗传变异较小 ,遗传基础狭窄 ,其中以 1D染色体最为突出 ,平均每个引物仅扩增出 2个等位基因。本文对拓宽我国普通小麦 D染色体组遗传基础的策略及方法也进行了分析和讨论。Simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular marker was used to evaluate the genetic diversity of D genome in 23 wheat cultivars or lines ( Triticum aestivum L.), which include 17 winter wheat and 6 spring wheat. The winter wheat originated from Beijing, Shanxi and Hebei. The spring wheat derived from Gansu, Ningxia and Sichun. Twenty three D genome specific SSR primers were selected for PCR amplification. A total of 65 alleles were identified, with an average of 2.9 alleles per locus. The number of detected alleles (60) and mean genetic distance (0.4504) in winter wheat were higher than those of spring wheat (48 and 0.3449), which indicated the genetic variation of winter wheat was relatively abundant as compared with spring wheat. From the above results, it was also found that the genetic basis of D genome, especially in chromosome 1D, was very narrow. The strategy for improving the genetic diversity of D genome in wheat was also discussed in this paper.

关 键 词：小麦 D染色体组 微卫星分子标记 遗传差异 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]