上海黄浦江凤眼莲灾害的发生机理及控制对策初探  

Eichhornia crassipes Disaster in Huangpu River in Shanghai: Causes, Consequences and Control Strategies

作　　者：杨凤辉[1] 马涛[1] 陈家宽[1] 李博[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生命科学学院,生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,生物多样性科学研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2002年第6期599-603,共5页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170155);上海市农委重大项目("Eco上海")

摘　　要：生物入侵、全球气候变化和生境破坏是全球性的三大环境问题.凤眼莲入侵上海,造成了严重的生态危害.以上海黄浦江江面上凤眼莲种群大爆发现象为研究对象,分析凤眼莲入侵的过程及灾害发生的机理,发现除凤眼莲自身的强入侵能力外,水体污染(尤其是富营养化)和管理不善是导致凤眼莲成为生态灾害的主要原因.同时论述了凤眼莲爆发所造成的危害,提出了源头治理方案和以生物控制为主结合机械打捞与合理利用的综合防治对策.Biological invasions, global climate change and habitat loss constitute the three most pressing environmental problems. Huangpu River in Shanghai was heavily infested with Eichhornia crassipes in recent years. The factors responsible for E. crassipes disaster were discussed, and some tentative management recommendations were put forward. Water pollution (esp. eutrophication) and poor management were the major causes of the disaster, in addition to high invading ability of E. crassipes. In order to avoid further occurrences of the disaster, an integrated control program should be developed, which might include biological control, salvage, and pollution control of the upper reaches of Huangpu River and its adjacent waters.

关 键 词：凤眼莲 入侵机理 控制对策 上海 生态灾害 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]