液晶多肽及其应用研究  

Liquid crystalline polypeptides and their potential applications

作　　者：黄美荣[1] 李新贵[1] 华轶敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学材料学院高分子材料系混凝土材料研究国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《功能材料》2003年第1期23-25,28,共4页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：教育部"长江学者奖励计划"特聘教授匹配骨干教师基金资助项目(GG 430 10247 1186)

摘　　要：　基于国内外最新研究文献,系统论述了近年来液晶多肽的大分子链结构、液晶性能及应用前景等方面的研究进展。指出液晶多肽在一定条件下将出现各向同性态到各向异性态的可逆转变,伴随着大分子链从线圈状到螺旋状的可逆改变。聚[γ 苄基 L 谷氨酸酯]有序度参数可达0.875。二次谐波的产生证明了有些液晶多肽呈现奇异的胆甾相结构,其胆甾相由极性向列型片晶组成,且分子偶极矩和长轴方向平行。多肽既可显示溶致液晶性又可显示热致液晶性,其液晶相多为胆甾型,有时呈向列型。外加场如取向场及电场对多肽的液晶性也会产生强烈影响。液晶多肽可加工成液晶态水凝胶、纤维和薄膜等,可望用作全息照相材料、光学元件、彩色滤色器以及溶致液晶电池等。A research on developments of the macromolecular chain structure, liquid crystalline behavior and potential applications of liquid crystalline polypeptides was provided based on the latest literatures. It is pointed out that liquid crystalline polypeptides may exhibit a reversible phase transition from isotropic to anisotropic coupled with intramolecular molecular chain from coil to helix under certain conditions. The order parameter of poly(γ-bcnzyl-L-glutamate) can reach up to 0.875. Some polypeptides form unusual cholesteric mesophase which consists of polar nematic lamellae where the dipole moments of molecules as well as the long axis are parallel, which is evidenced from the observations of second-harmonic generation. Polypeptides were both thermotropic and lyotropic, and their liquid crystalline phases were favorable to adopt cholesteric, sometimes nematic. A strong effect of external field, such as orientational field and electrostatic field, on the liquid crystalline properties of polypeptides has been observed. They could be processed into liquid crystalline hydrogels, fibers and membranes, and could be potentially served as holographic materials, optical element, mini-type color filter as well as lyotropic liquid crystalline cell.

关 键 词：液晶 多肽 应用研究 

分 类 号：Q516[生物学—生物化学] O629.72[理学—有机化学]