谷秆两用稻优质稻草饲养动物的研究  

Studies on Feeding Animals with Grain-straw-dual-use-rice Straw

作　　者：郑金贵 陈君琛[2] 黄勤楼[2] 郑开斌[2] 叶新福[2] 涂杰峰[2] 陈炳焕[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生物技术中心,福州350002 [2]福建省农业科学院,福州350003

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2003年第1期99-104,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 0 0 70 467)

摘　　要：以水稻秸秆品质遗传改良选育的谷秆两用稻“2 0 1”的优质稻草进行了饲养动物的研究。15N示踪结果表明 ,“2 0 1”稻草中的蛋白质能够有效地转化为鱼体蛋白和小白鼠的体蛋白 ;“2 0 1”稻草饲养草鱼和小白鼠的饲料消化率、动物体15N回收率、动物吸收饲料蛋白分别比一般稻草高 13.8%、9.6 %、2 4 .4 9%和 16 .5 %、6 .0 %、4 7.2 % ,而动物粪便的15N回收率却比一般稻草低 3.2 5 %和 6 .5 %。“2 0 1”稻草饲养动物的试验效果如下 :①“2 0 1”稻草比一般稻草饲养奶牛 (黑白花 )能提高奶产量 8.3% ;②“2 0 1”鲜稻草饲养草鱼 ,鱼的日增重、日食草量、每千克鲜稻草鱼增重分别比一般稻草提高 6 0 .0 %、16 .8%和 37.0 % ;③“2 0 1”稻草作为配合饲料的主要原料饲养闽北白鹅 ,鹅的日增重和料肉比分别比饲喂以一般稻草为主要原料的提高 33.9%和 2 6 .8% ;④用 5 %的“2 0 1”优质稻草粉替代瘦肉型杂交猪全价配合饲料中的一部分麦麸 ,与用全价配合饲料饲养效果相同 ,而且瘦肉型杂交猪每增重 1kg可节省 0 .The straw of Grain Straw Dual Use Rice (GSDUR) variety '201' in which the protein content is 9.31% (common rice straw, i.e. CK, is about 4.0%), was employed to feed animals. 15 N tracing results suggested that the protein in '201' rice straw could be effectively transformed into fish body protein and mice body protein, The digestibility of fodder, the 15 N recovery rate of animal body and the absorption of fodder protein were 13.8%, 9.6%, 24.49% and 16.5%, 6.0%, 47.2% higher than those of common rice straw respectively. When grass carp and mice were fed with '201' rice straw, the 15 N recovery rates of animal manure were 3.25%, 6.5% lower than those of common rice straw, respectively. The results of feeding animals with '201' rice straw were as follows: The milk yield increased by 8.3% when '201' straw was used to feed cow (black and white) compared to that of common rice straw. Fish daily gain, straw eating amount of grass carp, daily gain of fish per kg fresh rice straw increased by 60.0%, 16.8% and 37.0% respectively when '201' fresh straw was used to feed grass carp compared to those of CK. The goose daily gain and the ratio of fodder and meat increased by 33.9% and 26.8% respectively when '201' rice straw was used as the main raw material of the compound fodder as compared with CK. Not only the feeding results were identical when high quality '201' rice straw powder was substituted for wheat bran which made up of 5% compound fodder to feed hybrid pigs as compared to CK, but also 0.11 kg fine fodder could be saved when 1 kg hybrid pig weight was increased.

关 键 词：谷秆两用稻 稻草 动物 饲喂试验 营养价值 饲料 氮15 示踪技术 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学] S816.35[农业科学—畜牧学]