青岛海藻重元素富集特性的SR-XRF分析及对海洋环境监测的应用  

SR-XRF Analysis of Characteristics of Heavy Element Concentration in Qingdao Algae and Application to Monitoring Oceanic Pollution

作　　者：康士秀[1] 沈显生[2] 黄宇营[3] 巨新[3] 吴自勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学天文与应用物理系,安徽合肥230026 [2]中国科学技术大学生命科学学院,安徽合肥230027 [3]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100039

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2003年第1期94-97,共4页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

摘　　要：利用同步辐射X射线荧光 (SR XRF)定性和定量地分析了采自中国青岛海滨的 9种海藻 1 4个样品重元素的富集特性 ,发现不同种海藻重元素的富集特性有很大的差异。海蒿子对As和Sr,鸭毛藻对Br,海带对Ⅰ具有超富集能力。Mn/Fe峰强比的变化 ,是元素间拮抗的结果 ,与海水环境相关。测量了标样植物南极苔藓的检出限。定量地分析和比较了在青岛同一海滨分别于 1 985年和 1 999年采集的 5种海藻样品的XRF谱。1 999年采集的海藻的Fe ,Zn ,As,Br和Pb等元素含量明显上升 ,特别是海蒿子中的As和刺石松中的Pb分别增加了 1 55 %和 1 2 0 % ,结果说明了 1 4年来青岛海洋环境污染加重的趋势。Quantative and qualitative analysises of the heavy element concentration characteristics of 14 specimens of 9 kinds of Qingdao algae by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) are presented. Results show that various algae are quite different in element concentration. Some algae reveal super concentration ability,such as Sargassum pallidum for As and Sr, Symphyocladia latiuscula for Br and Laminaria japonica for I. Changes in the ratio of peak intensities of Mn and Fe in XRF spectrum reflect on the antagonism between elements in algae,relatively to the environment pollution.The minimum detection limit (MDL) of standard specimen, Antarctic mosses,was measured.Quantitative analysis and comparison of 10 specimens of 5 kind algae gathered from the same zone of Qingdao near-sea in 1985 and in 1999 were done. The contents of Mn, Fe, Zn, As, Br and Pb increased in 1999, in which, As in Sargassum pallidum increased 155% and Pb in Codium fragil increased 120%. The results indicated that the pollution in the near-sea of Qingdao is currently tending toward severity.element;S

关 键 词：海藻 重金属元素 富集特性 SR-XRF分析 海洋环境监测 海洋污染 

分 类 号：X834[环境科学与工程—环境工程]