经济发展差距、环境规制力度与环境污染保险的制度设计  

Economic Development Gap,Enforcement of Environmental Regulation and Environmental Pollution Insurance System Design

作　　者：张伟[1] 袁建华[2] 罗向明[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东金融学院华南金融研究所,广东广州510521 [2]广东金融学院保险研究所,广东广州510521

出　　处：《金融经济学研究》2015年第3期119-128,共10页Financial Economics Research

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(71203038);教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(13YJA630062);广东省自然科学基金自由申请项目(2014A030313661)

摘　　要：比较分析中国、瑞士、埃塞俄比亚等三个不同经济发展水平的国家,发现政府环境规制力度与经济发展水平存在明显的正相关。落后国家出于消除贫困、发展经济的考虑,对环境违法事故的处罚力度较轻;而经济发展水平较高的国家,环境立法和执法都比较严格,环境污染保险制度也更为完善。当前中国经济发展水平存在的地区差距导致地方政府环境规制力度的差异,这一现实条件决定了中国环境污染保险不适合采用全国统一的发展模式,而应当根据不同地区的经济发展水平采取差异化的发展策略。The need for environmental pollution insurance depends largely on the enforcement of the government's environmental regulations. This paper tries to compare data of China,Switzerland and Ethiopia,and the result shows that there is a positive correlation between efforts of enforcement of government environmental regulation and the countries' economic development level. The penalties of violating environmental regulations in developed countries tend to be much severer with more systematic regulations than that of undeveloped countries because undeveloped countries aims at eradicating poverty and promoting economic growth. This may shed light for China because economic growth varies between different regions in China. Therefore,different environmental pollution insurances may be introduced accordingly.

关 键 词：环境保险 环境规制 环境污染 经济发展 制度设计 

分 类 号：F113[经济管理—国际贸易] F841.3[经济管理—世界经济] X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]