丛枝菌根真菌对三叶草根系分泌的有机酸组分和含量的影响  

The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the components and concentrations of organic acids in the exudates of mycorrhizal red clover

作　　者：张玉凤[1] 冯固[1] 李晓林[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部植物营养学重点实验室

出　　处：《生态学报》2003年第1期30-37,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 49961 0 0 5;5 0 0 71 0 5 0 );中国科学院阜康站开放基金资助项目~~

摘　　要：比较洗根法、层析纸法和琼脂膜法收集土培条件下生长的菌根化和非菌根化三叶草根分泌物的效果。试验采用三室根箱装置 ,将根系与菌丝生长空间分开 ,三叶草生长 5 6d后 ,打开三室根箱装置 ,由于尼龙网的阻挡作用使根系均匀垫积在尼龙网内侧并形成根垫。分别采用洗根法、层析纸法和琼脂膜法 3种方法收集三叶草根系分泌物 ,并通过高效液相色谱方法测定分泌物中草酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、乳酸、乙酸、顺丁烯二酸、反丁烯二酸、柠檬酸、丁二酸等有机酸的含量。结果表明 :3种收集方法收集的三叶草分泌的有机酸无论在种类上还是在数量上都存在相当大的差别。从检测到的有机酸种类来看 ,琼脂膜法收集检测到苹果酸、乙酸、顺丁烯二酸、柠檬酸、丁二酸和乳酸 6种有机酸 ;洗根法收集的分泌物检测到酒石酸、苹果酸、乙酸、顺丁烯二酸、柠檬酸、丁二酸和乳酸 7种有机酸 ;层析纸法收集的分泌物检测到酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸和乳酸 4种有机酸。从收集到的有机酸数量来看 ,洗根法收集到的有机酸总量为 2 9.97～ 2 32 .7μg/( gfw· 2 h) ;琼脂膜法集到的有机酸总量为 1 .5～ 7.3μg/( cm2· 2 h) ;层析纸法收集的有机酸总量为0 .2 3～ 6.5 8μg/( cm2 · 2 h)。Three compartment pots were used to compare the rinsing root method, chromatography paper method and agar sheet method which were used to collect root exudates from the roots of mycorhiza and non-mycorrhiza red clover. Each pot was separated into three parts by 30 μm nylon mesh, a central one for root growth and two outer ones for growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae. Roots layers were formed on the both sides of central compartment 8 weeks after planting. Root exudates were collected by putting filter paper or agar sheet on the root surface for 2 hours. After that, the plants were taken out and washed to clean the soil particles.The plants were then kept in deionized water for another 2 hours to collect roots exudates. The concentrations of tartaric, malic, lactic, acetic, maleic, citric and succinic acids in root exudates collected by the three methods were detected by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that both the components and the concentrations of organic acids in the exudates collected by three methods were different. Tartaric, malic, lactic, acetic, maleic, citric and succinic acids were detected in the exudates collected by rinsing root method. There was no tartaric acid in the exudates collected by agar sheet method and only tartaric, malic, acetic and citric acids in the exudates collected by chromatography paper method. The total amount of organic acids collected by root-rinsing method was 29.97~232.7μg/(g.fw·2h), while agar sheet method and chromatography paper method collected organic acids about 1.5~7.3μg/(cm2·2h) and 0.23~6.58 μg/(cm2·2h), respectively. The total amount of organic acids in mycorrhizal plants collected by rinsing root method and agar sheet method were higher than that of non-mycorrhizal plants. Agar sheet method and chromatography paper method were proper for collection of root exudates. However, the absorption capacity of chromatography paper was low, it was probably suitable for the plant with a large amount of root exudates. Agar sheet method

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 三叶草 根系分泌 有机酸 含量 

分 类 号：S541.2[农业科学—作物学]