不同环境条件下粳型杂交稻米碾磨品质性状的遗传效应分析  

Analysis of Genetic Effects for Milling Quality Traits in Japomca Hybrid Rice at Different Environments

作　　者：林建荣[1,2] 石春海[1] 吴明国[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农学系 [2]中国水稻研究所,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《生物数学学报》2003年第1期116-122,共7页Journal of Biomathematics

摘　　要：采用包括基因型×环境互作效应的种子遗传模型,对粳型杂交稻稻米碾磨品质性状进行了遗传研究.结果表明:各碾磨品质性状除了受制于种子直接效应、细胞质效应和母体效应等遗传主效应外,还明显受到各基因型×环境互作效应的影响.其中糙米率性状以遗传主效应为主,而精米率、整精米率性状以基因型×环境互作效应为主.在遗传主效应中,糙米率性状主要受种子直接加性效应、母体加性效应的控制;在基因型×环境互作效应中,精米率和整精米率性状都是以种子直接加性×环境互作效应和母体加性×环境互作效应为主,细胞质×环境互作效应也起着较为重要的作用.大部分稻米碾磨品质性状的狭义遗传率均较高,其中糙米率性状以普通狭义遗传率为主,而精米率和整精米率性状则以互作狭义遗传率为主.另外,根据性状的遗传效应预测值对各亲本的育种利用价值作了评价.Genetic model including genotypex environment interaction effects for quality traits of endosperms in cereal crops is used to analyze the genetic effects of milling quality traits in japonica hybrid rice. The results indicate that milling quality traits are all significantly affected by genotypex environment interaction effects as well as by the main genetic effects of seed, cytoplasm and maternal genes. Brown rice rcovery (BRR) is mainly controlled by the main genetic effects, but milled rice recovery (MRR) and head milled rice is recovery (HMRR) are mainly controlled by genotype×environment interaction effects. BRR is mainly controlled by direct additive and maternal additive effects, while MRR and HMRR are mainly controlled by direct additive effects× environment interaction effects and maternal additive effects×environment interaction effects. Cytoplasmic effects×environment interaction effects are also important for MRR and HMRR. Most heritabilities of rice milling quality traits are significant. The general heritabil-ity is the main parts of heritabilities for BRR, but the interaction heritability is more important for MRR and HMRR. The potential breeding values of parental lines for the improvement of quality are discussed in respect to predicted values of genetic effects.

关 键 词：粳稻 杂交水稻 碾磨品质 遗传主效应 基因型×环境互作效应 

分 类 号：S511.033[农业科学—作物学]