扫描电镜不同制样方法对几种落叶果树花粉形态的影响  

Effects of Different Sampling Method in Scanning Electron Microscope on Pollen Morphology of Some Fruits

作　　者：陈学森[1] 郭延奎[2] 罗新书[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺系,泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学电镜室

出　　处：《果树科学》1992年第4期198-202,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

摘　　要：以苹果、梨、桃、李、杏、樱桃、葡萄、中华猕猴桃、枣、石榴、板栗和核桃等12个属计17个种或品种为试材,运用光镜和电镜观测了新鲜花粉、戊二醛固定花粉及风干花粉的形状及大小,比较了不同固定及脱水方法的扫描效果。结果表明,(1)杏、枣和葡萄等果树新鲜花粉与戊二醛固定花粉的形状及大小均无差异。(2)苹果、梨、桃、李、杏和中华猕猴桃等果树的风干花粉与戊二醛固定花粉比较,极轴增长40.70%,赤道轴缩短38.22%,变成椭球形(赤道面观),戊二醛固定花粉则为扁球形或圆球形。(3)1%的番红稀释液是果树孢粉学研究较理想的染色液。(4)戊二醛单固定,50%、60%、70%乙醇脱水法扫描效果良好,且具有操作简便、成本低等优点。The fresh, air-dried(AD)and glutaric aldehyde fixed(GAF)pollen shape and size of apple, pear, peach, plum, apricot, cherry, grape, actinidia, chinese date, pomegranate, chestnut and walnut were compared in the test. The results showed that:(1)There were no differences in fresh and GAF pollen shape and size of apricot, chinese date and grape. (2)The polar axiss of AD pollen of apple, pear, peach, plum, apricot increased 40.74 per cent and their Equatorial diameters decreased 38.22 per cent in comparison with GAF pollen. The shape of AD pollen changed into long ellipsoid but GAF pollen was round ball or oblateball. (3) The dilute safranin solution of 1 per cent was a good colouring agent for the study of fruit palynology. (4) The method of GAF and dewatering with alcohol from 50 per cent to 70 per cent had good scanning result and was easier in operation and low cost. It is suggested that GAF solution of 4 per cent could be tried out in the palynology study of apple, pear, peach, plum, cherry, apricot, grape, chinese date, actinidia ,dilute safranin colouring agent of 1 per cent could be tried out if using optics microscope to observe, dewatering method with alcohol from 50 per cent to 70 per cent could be tried out if using scanning electron microscope to observe and the AD method could be tried out in the palynology study of walnut.

关 键 词：扫描电镜 果树 花粉 

分 类 号：S660.1[农业科学—果树学]