热带西太平洋暖池次表层暖水的起源——对1997/1998年ENSO事件的分析  

The Origin of Warm Water Mass in "Warm Pool" Subsurface of the Western Tropical Pacific-the Analysis of the 1997～1998 El Nio

作　　者：巢纪平[1] 袁绍宇[2] 巢清尘 田纪伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境预报中心,北京100081 [2]青岛海洋大学,青岛266003 [3]国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《大气科学》2003年第2期145-151,共7页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目G1 9980 4 0 90 0第一部分;国家自然科学基金资助项目 4 99760 0 1共同资助

摘　　要：分析了从 1 955～ 1 999年 45年热带、副热带太平洋地区次表层温度距平资料 ,在分析沿赤道距平极值曲面的深度分布后 ,认为它基本接近气候温跃层的深度分布。由此分析了 1 994～ 1 999年该曲面上温度距平的演变发现 :1 997/ 1 998年ElNi no产生时 ,在热带西太平洋暖池次表层 (1 60m附近 )的温度正距平 ,是从 1 994/ 1 995年ElNi no在Ni no 3区的最大正距平信号传播或演变过来的 ,整个最大正距平信号的传播轨迹形成一似“8”字的形状。与此同时 ,当正的温度距平开始从暖池向东传播时 ,一最大温度负距平信号在Ni no 3区出现 ,并伴随赤道最大正距平信号的东传 ,在其北部 (5～ 1 0°N)向西传 ,然后又向东传最后到达Ni no 3区 ,其传播轨迹形成一扁“0”字形状。分析表明 ,1 997/ 1 998年这次完整的ElNi no/LaNi na事件主要是在热带流系的温跃层附近形成并传播的。Analysis on the data of 45 years'sea temperature anomaly in western tropical Pacific subsurface layer from 1955 to 1999 and the depth distribution along equatorial anomaly extremum curved surface shows that the curved surface is basically similar to the depth distribution of climatic thermocline. So, the analysis of sea temperature anomaly evolution along the surface between 1994 and 1999 indicates that the sea temperature positive anomaly in 'warm pool' subsurface (about 160 meters) of western tropical Pacific, when 1997/1998 El Nio occurs, is from the signal of maximum positive temperature anomaly in Nio 3 region of 1994/1995 El Nio.The propagating trajectory of maximum positive temperature anomaly is similar '8' in form. In the same time, as the positive anomaly spreads eastwards from 'warm pool', a maximum negative anomaly occurs in Nio 3 region and spreads eastwards accompanied with the equatorial positive anomaly. Then it spreads westwards in the north (about 5～10°N) and eastwards to Nio 3 region finally. Its propagating trajectory is similar the flat 'O' in form. The analysis states that the total event of 1997/1998 El Nio/La Nia mainly forms and propagates near thermocline of tropical stream system.

关 键 词：热带太平洋地区 次表层暖水 气候温跃层 厄尔尼诺 1997年 1998年 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学]