大麦离体诱变效应的研究  

STUDIES ON in vitro INDUCTION IN BARLEY

作　　者：沈秋泉[1] 徐忆中[1] 陈世明[1] 俞申平[1] 杨建明[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院原子能利用研究所,杭州310021

出　　处：《核农学报》1992年第4期207-213,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：以二稜皮大麦品种舟麦2号和秀四的幼胚及其愈伤组织为离体诱变材料,研究了γ射线不同剂量辐照后的离体培养反应、生理损伤及诱变效应。结果表明,用γ射线辐照离体大麦幼胚及其愈伤组织的适宜剂量是10—20Gy,MR_2代的突变频率可比常规诱变技术(300Gy γ射线辐照干种子)分别提高33.9％—82.1％和32.7％—229.6％;比离体培养技术分别提高84.0％—150.3％和82.4％—352.9％,而且仍可维持相对较好的培养反应。用30Gy辐照幼胚的诱变效果则可提高9—13倍,但严重抑制了离体培养物的再生能力,并导致了MR_1代严重的生理损伤。Immature embryo and callus initiated from it of two-row hulled barley varieties,Zhoumai No.2 and Xiusi,were irradiated with gamma-ray.Culture response,physiological injury and mutagenic effect were investigated.The results showed that the optimum dose of irradiation was 10-20 Gy for both immature embyro and callus.By using the technique,the plant regenerability.was relatively high,the mutation frequencies of MR2 increased 33.9%-82.1% for irradiated immature embryo and 32.1%-229.6% for irradiated callus compared with conventional technique of irradiating dry seeds with 300 Gy gamma-rays,and increased 84.0%-150.3%.and 82.4%-352.9% respectively compared with in vitro culture technique.When 30 Gy gamma-rays were used to treat immature embryo,the mutation frequencies increased by 9-13 times,but the regenerability was very low,and t.he physi logical injury ofMR1 was also serious

关 键 词：大麦 诱变育种 诱变效应 Γ射线 

分 类 号：S512.303.5[农业科学—作物学]