简述乾隆帝对完善满语文的贡献  

Concisely on Qianglong's Contribution to the Manchu Language

作　　者：张虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省档案馆,辽宁沈阳110032

出　　处：《满语研究》2002年第1期47-52,共6页Manchu Studies

摘　　要：满文经历了创制、改革、完善、衰落,如今成为一种古文字。本文利用档案等资料,着重阐述乾隆皇帝对满文的推行及规范。他不但继承其先辈们重视满文的传统,还利用自身高深的语言修养,意译汉语借词,解决具体语言学问题,使满文达到顶峰。他对本民族语言文字的完善做出了空前绝后的贡献。Having experienced the process of creation, reform, perfection and decline, Manchu language has now become an ancient language. Based on the studies of files and other related materials, this paper mainly elaborates on Qianlong' s efforts to popularize and standardize Manchu language. Following his ancestor's tradition of emphasizing developing their own language and by utilizing his profound accomplishment in linguistics, he solved some concrete linguistic problems by borrowing words from the Chinese language through literal translation, thus bringing Manchu language to the peak of its development. His contribution to the development of the Manchu language was unprecedented and unrepeatable.

关 键 词：乾隆 满文 创制 改制 女真语 “国语骑射” 词汇 汉语借词 同音异义词 翻译 《满汉对音字式》 复合词 

分 类 号：H221[语言文字—少数民族语言] K249.3[历史地理—历史学]