出血性视网膜脱离模型的建立  

Establishment of a hemorrhagic retinal detachment model in rabbits

作　　者：张自峰[1] 王雨生[1] 惠延年[1] 马吉献[1] 韩泉洪[1] 吴玉丽[1] 张鹏[1] 王建洲[1] 崔志利[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院眼科,西安710032

出　　处：《中华眼底病杂志》2003年第3期175-178,共4页Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

基　　金：全军医药卫生科研基金资助项目 (0 1 MA1 89)

摘　　要：目的　探索在兔眼建立出血性视网膜脱离 ( hemorrhagic retinal detachment,HRD)模型的方法 ,为 HRD损害及其救治的研究奠定基础。　方法　 14只健康青紫蓝兔 2 8只眼 ,随机分为 HRD组 ( 12只眼 )和对照组 ( 16只眼 )。HRD组兔眼用特制的玻璃微管直视下经玻璃体腔在视网膜下注入自体抗凝血0 .2 ml,造成 HRD。对照组兔眼用同样方法在视网膜下注入 0 .2 ml含肝素钠 ( 2 .5 U/ ml)的生理盐水 (肝素盐水对照组 ,6只眼 )或生理盐水 (盐水对照组 ,3只眼 ) ,形成视网膜脱离 ( retinal detachment,RD)。并建立假注射对照 (单纯视网膜穿刺而不注射 ,3只眼 )和正常对照 ( 2只家兔的 4只正常眼 )。手术后 1h～ 2 8d行直接检眼镜、光相干断层扫描 ( optical coherence tomography,OCT)、A和 (或 ) B型超声检查以观察和分析视网膜脱离的发生和表现。　结果　手术后 HRD组兔眼均发生 HRD,视网膜明显隆起 ,范围为 10～ 12个视盘直径 ( disc diameter,DD) ,持续约 14d,2 8d时仍可见视网膜下部分血液残留。肝素盐水及盐水对照组兔眼均发生 RD,该 RD仅在手术后 12 h内明显。假注射对照组兔眼视网膜穿刺孔多在手术后 2 d内消失 ,正常对照组兔眼视网膜无变化。　结论　经玻璃体腔在兔眼视网膜下注入自体抗凝血建立Objective To establish a hemorrhagic retinal detachment (HRD) model for the study of the damage and treatment of HRD. Methods Fourteen rabbits (28 eyes) were divided into the HRD (12 eyes) and control (16 eyes) group randomly. Autologous anticoagulated blood (0.2 ml) was transvitreally injected into the rabbits′ subretinal space with a special glass micropipette in HRD group (12 eyes); while 0.2 ml saline with or without heparin sodium (2.5 U/ml) was respectively injected into subretinal space respectively of the rabbits in heparin saline control group (6 eyes) and saline control group (3 eyes); furthermore, another 2 control groups, i.e.,pseudo injection group (3 eyes, single retinal puncturing without subretinal injection) and normal group (4 eyes of 2 normal rabbits) were also set. The conditions of the occurrence and representation of the retinal detachment (RD) were observed and analysed by means of ophthalmoscopy, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and ultrasound A and (or) B scan examinations in the subsequent 28 days after the operation. Results After the operation, HRD occurred in all eyes of the rabbits in HRD group. The area of HRD extended from 10 to 12 disc diameter(DD). The obvious elevation of RD maintained to 14 days, and the residual subretinal hemorrhage was still observed till 28 days. The obvious RD of the rabbits in heparin saline and saline control group was only kept for no more than 12 hours. The retinal puncture hole in pseudo injection group disappeared 2 days after the operation, and there was no change in retina of rabbits in normal control group. Conclusion It is convenient, practical and effective to establish a HRD model by means of transvitreal subretinal injection of autologous anticoagulated blood.

关 键 词：出血性 视网膜脱离模型 建立 眼出血 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生]