古陶瓷完整器元素成分无损分析的实现(二)——设备改建和定量分析方法  

Non - destructive composition analysis of ancient porcelain vessels(2) ——Equipment reconstruction and quantitative analysis

作　　者：何文权[1] 熊樱菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海博物馆文物保护与考古科学实验室,上海200231

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2002年第B12期284-297,共14页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家文物局文物科研项目;编号:200011

摘　　要：为了真正实现古陶瓷完整器的元素成分无损分析,就要建造能容纳常规大小古陶瓷样品的真空靶室,以及建立弯曲表面古陶瓷的定量分析方法。本文报道了本实验室QuanX型能谱仪真空靶室改造的整体设计和加工,以及针对弯曲表面古陶瓷样品定量分析的处理方法。大量的测量工作表明所改装的能谱仪完全适应古陶瓷完整器的元素成分无损分析的需要,同时证明古陶瓷样品在较低真空条件下的测量分析是完全无损的;所提出表面弯曲古陶瓷的定量分析处理方法具有简便易行,精确度较高的特点。This article mainly describe the whole design of vacuum chamber connected to the QuanX model ED - XRF and the quantitative analysis method to the samples with curve surface, which are two major difficulties in the project of non - destructive analysis on intact porcelain vessel. The first change in the equipment is out of our own design, but completed in the factory of TN Spec-trace Company, which can guarantee the analysis of porcelain vessel with any dimension in air condition. The varied instrument is regarded as a standard new type product due to the reasonable design; it is still far from ideal analysis with elements Na and Mg unable to be detected. The design of the vacuum chamber was based on volume consideration; it is better to find the balance between analysis requirement and cost together with technical difficulty. It should be noticed that the cost will soar at the chamber volume of about 40cm × 40cm × 40cm, because the vacuum chamber has to be established in new structure to ensure the safety at that volume, furthermore some other technical problem may also emerge due to the big volume. On the other hand, a statistic on volume distribution was made to be sure that more than 90 percent porcelain vessels have the volume less than 40cm × 30cm × 35cm quantitatively. Thus a chamber with 40cm x 30cm x 37cm volume is designed for non - destructive analysis. The big vacuum chamber can just make it possible to perform non - destructive analysis on intact porcelain vessel, some assistant gadgets are also designed to make the analysis convenient, such as: a camera is fixed to watch the analyzed sample surface; a shank can draw the sample frame within 10 cm range, thus offer the possibility of linear scanning analysis for some special samples; a watching window not only offer observation of sample but also guarantee the safety of putting sample vessel into the chamber. XRF techniques are usually used for the manufacture in industry, there in nearly no sample with curve

关 键 词：无损分析 古陶瓷 靶室 X荧光分析 

分 类 号：G264[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K876.3