冗余概念的界定与冗余产生的生态学机制  

Definition of redundancy and the ecological mechanism of its occurrence

作　　者：张荣[1] 孙国钧[1] 李凤民[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2003年第5期844-851,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展项目 G2000018603 ;教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助

摘　　要：冗余是指这样的生命实体,由于其存在,导致生物个体、种群、群落乃至生态系统水平上的对人类有益的功能输出降低,通过管理措施或育种手段剔除这部分 冗余 实体,个体、种群、群落乃至生态系统水平上对人类有益的功能就会得到加强,我们把这样的生命实体叫做冗余.或者简单地说,冗余是指对目标产量输出构成影响的各种水平的生物有机体过多或过于庞大的部分.冗余的产生过程是整个生命有机体的总体功能扩展过程,冗余的产生和存在,有助于增强有机体的稳定性,提高其适应自然环境波动的能力.根据其影响的水平,冗余可发生在个体、种群及群落等水平上.植物在个体及群体水平上的补偿及超补偿可以通过剔除各生命系统中不同水平上的冗余实现,即剔除冗余有助于目标物种或目标器官产量的提高,并且这种提高是以对波动环境适应能力和抗扰动能力的降低为代价的.Redundancy is defined as any kind of the active living organic body (including organization, organs, individuals, and even species), due to its existence, result in output reduction of individuals, population, community and even ecosystem for human's benefits. Or simply say that redundancy is the overgrowth of individual organs, plant population that expose negative effects to aim production of individual organs, population and community performance etc. To reduce the living body to a suitable level, the performance of organs, individuals, population, community and ecosystem, to human's benefit, will be increased, we call the living body redundancy. The process of redundancy occurring is the process of functional extension and its existence is helpful to maintain the stability of individuals, population and even community. According to level of redundancy that exists in life system, redundancy can be divided into individuals, population and community. Compensation or overcompensation could be realized through the reduction of the redundancy, which occurs on different levels of life system, i.e. the production of aim organs or performance of aim species population could be improved through reduction of redundancy, and the increase of the production is based on the reduction of stability of life system to variable environments.

关 键 词：冗余 产生 生态学机制 生物个体 种群 生态系统 功能输出 生物群落 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学] Q948.1[生物学—普通生物学]