五元交互体系Li^+,Na^+,K^+//CO_3^(2-),Cl^--H_2O在298.15K的相平衡研究  

A Study of the Phase Equilibrium for Quinary System Li^+, Na^+, K^+//CO_3^(2-), Cl^--H_2O at 298.15 K

作　　者：曾英[1] 殷辉安[1] 唐明林[1] 冯小向[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学材料与生物工程学院,成都610059

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2003年第6期968-972,共5页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (批准号 :497732 0 0 # );国土资源部"九.五"重点学科生长点基金资助

摘　　要：针对西藏扎布耶盐湖卤水组成 ,采用等温溶解平衡法研究了五元交互体系 Li+,Na+,K+//CO2 - 3 ,Cl- -H2 O于 2 98.1 5 K时的相平衡 ,并绘制了相图 (空间立体图和 Li2 CO3 饱和的投影图 ) .结果表明 ,该五元体系相图含有 7个结晶区、 1 3条单变量线和 4个无变量点 .7个结晶区由 6个单盐结晶区和 1个复盐结晶区组成 ,分别为 Li Cl·H2 O,Na Cl,KCl,Li2 CO3 ,K2 CO3 · 3/2 H2 O,Na2 CO3 · 1 0 H2 O和 Na KCO3 · 6 H2 O,没有形成固溶体和天然碱 (Na2 CO3 · Na HCO3 · 2 H2 O) .4个无变量点标记成 K1 ,K2 ,K3 和 K4,所对应的平衡固相盐分别是 :Li2 CO3 + Na KCO3 · 6 H2 O+ Na2 CO3 · 1 0 H2 O+ KCl,Li2 CO3 + Na KCO3 · 6 H2 O+ K2 CO3 · 3/2H2 O+ KCl,Li2 CO3 + Na Cl+ KCl+ Li Cl· H2 O和 Li2 CO3 + Na Cl+ Na2 CO3 · 1 0 H2 O+ KCl.Zabuye Saline Lake, Tibet, P. R. China, is unrivalled in the world for its high concentration of chloride, sulfate, carbonate and borate of lithium, sodium and potassium. In accordance with the composition of the brine, the phase equilibrium of quinary system Li +, Na +, K +//CO 2- 3, Cl --H 2O at 298.15 K were studied by isothermal method, from which the phase diagram (stereo-diagram and projected-diagram which were saturated with Li 2CO 3) were drawn. The phase diagram of this quinary system consists of seven crystallization fields, thirteen univariant curves and four invariant points. Seven crystallization fields correspond to six single-salt crystallization fields and one complex salt crystallization, that are LiCl·H 2O, NaCl, K 2Cl 2, Li 2CO 3, K 2CO 3·3/2H 2O, Na 2CO 3·10H 2O and complex salt NaKCO 3·6H 2O. The crystallization region of trona (Na 2CO 3·NaHCO 3·2H 2O) or solid solution is not found in this quinary system. The composition of equilibrium solid phase for four invariant points (K 1, K 2, K 3, K 4) is as follows: Li 2CO 3+NaKCO 3·6H 2O+Na 2CO 3·10H 2O+KCl for K 1, Li 2CO 3+NaKCO 3·6H 2O+K 2CO 3·3/2H 2O+KCl for K 2, Li 2CO 3+NaCl+KCl+LiCl·H 2O for K 3, Li 2CO 3+NaCl+Na 2CO 3·10H 2O+KCl for K 4, respectively.

关 键 词：五元交互体系 相平衡 盐湖 卤水 组成 等温溶解平衡法 锂盐 钾盐 碳酸盐 

分 类 号：TS311[轻工技术与工程] O642.42[理学—物理化学]