铂族金属氨络合物生成的动力学差异研究及应用  

The Kinetic Difference in the Formation of Cationic Ammonia Complexes of Platinum Group Metals and Their Application in Ion Exchange Separation

作　　者：高云涛[1] 赵敏政[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学化学与生物技术学院,昆明650031 [2]昆明贵金属研究所,昆明650221

出　　处：《云南民族学院学报（自然科学版）》2003年第3期179-181,共3页Journal of Yunnan University of The Nationalities(Natural Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：研究了不同铂族金属离子生成氨络阳离子的动力学 ,测定了相应的速率常数ka( 2 5℃ ) ,Pd(Ⅱ )、Pt(Ⅱ )、Pt(Ⅳ )、Ir(Ⅳ )生成氨阳离子络合物的动力学速率存在明显差异 ,ka(s-1)依Pd(Ⅱ ) (快 ) >Pt(Ⅳ ) ( 1.18× 10 -3) >Pt(Ⅱ ) ( 5 .5 6× 10 -5)>Ir(Ⅳ ) ( 1.5 6× 10 -6 )的顺序递减 ,基于这种动力学差异建立了Pd(Ⅱ )—Ir(Ⅳ )、Pt(Ⅳ )—Ir(Ⅳ )及Pd(Ⅱ )—Pt(Ⅱ )二元体系的分离方法 。The kinetic behaviors of the formation of cationic ammonia complexes of platinum group metals were investigated, and the kinetic rate constans k a (25℃) have also determined. The experiments indicate that there are obvious kinetic diffierence among Pd(Ⅱ), Pt(Ⅱ), Pt(Ⅳ) and Ir (Ⅳ) in their formation of cationic ammonia complexes,k a (s -1)is 1.18 × 10 -3 for Pt( Ⅳ ), 5.56×10 -5 for Pt(Ⅱ), 1.56 × 10 -6 for Ir( Ⅳ), respectively, and Pd(Ⅱ) is very fast kinetic rate in the formation. The ion exchange methods based on the kinetic differences, were developed for the separation of Pd(Ⅱ) - Ir(Ⅳ), Pt(Ⅳ) - Ir(Ⅳ) or Pd(Ⅱ) - Pt(Ⅳ) binary mixture respectively, and the proposed methods have been used for the separation of alloy samples of platinum group metals, and agreed well with other methods.

关 键 词：铂族金属 氨络合物 反应动力学 反应速率 动力学差异 离子交换分离 

分 类 号：O614.82[理学—无机化学] O643.12[理学—化学]