眼屈光要素对青少年近视的影响  

The effect of refractive indices on young myopes

作　　者：马胜生[1] 梁纳[1] 甄兆忠[1] 陈悦玲[1] 邓杏英[1] 梁绍雄[1] 林翎[1] 卢毓敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市红十字会医院眼科

出　　处：《眼视光学杂志》2003年第2期104-106,共3页Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的 :通过检查青少年学生眼球的屈光要素 (角膜曲率、眼轴长度 ) ,了解其对青少年近视的影响。方法 :对近视学生采用散瞳验光和电脑验光及测定患者的角膜曲率和用A超测定眼轴长度而进行分析。结果 :4 2 7例 85 4眼的学生近视 ,其中屈光度在 - 3.0 0DS以下者有 4 6 1只眼占 5 4 .0 % ,- 3.2 5～ - 6 .0 0DS者有 2 86只眼占 33.5 % ,- 6 .2 5DS以上者有 10 7只眼占 12 .5 %。近视学生男 188例 ,女 2 39例。角膜曲率 (屈光力 )平均水平曲率为 (4 3.0 3± 0 .35 )D ,垂直曲率为 (4 3.75± 0 .4 3)D。眼轴长度平均为 (2 3.0 7± 0 .19)mm。在同年龄组同性别组中垂直和水平角膜曲率之间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。在 6～ 12岁和 13～ 15岁组中 ,中度和低度近视平均眼轴长度之间差异没有显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :学生近视以轻度近视 (- 3.0 0DS)为最多 ,占 5 4 .0 % ,女生近视多于男生 ,可能与女生青春发育期比男生早有关。低年龄学生的中、低度近视属非轴性近视 ,是由于眼屈光要素之间不匹配、不协调而失平衡所致。Objective:Various refractive indices were measured,including corneal curvature and length of the optic axis,to study the effects of the indices on young myopes.Methods:Analysis was done with mydriatic and computer optometry to measure corneal curvature and determine the length of the optic axis.Results:Among 427 students with myopia,626 eyes(73.30%) had a dioptric error less than -3.00 DS,126 eyes(14.75%) had values of -3.25 DS to -6.00 DS and 102 eyes(11.84%) had values greater than -6.25 DS. There were 193 boys with myopia and 234 girls. Average corneal curvature was(43.75±0.43)D vertically,and the average corneal curvature was(43.03±0.35)D horizontally. The length of the optic axis was(23.068±0.19)mm. There was a significant difference between groups H and V for the same age range and sex(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the length of the optic axis between the groups with lower dioptric errors and middle dioptric errors in the groups 6～12 years and 13～15 years of age(P>0.05).Conclusion:Mild myopia(-3.00 DS) is the main type of myopia found in youngsters,and accounts for 73.30%. Girls are more likely to have myopia than boys,which may be related to the earlier onset of puberty. Myopia in younger students,which includes the group with lower and middle range diopters,is non axial. This is caused by the inconsistency in refractive indices.[

关 键 词：眼屈光要素 近视 青少年 角膜曲率 眼轴长度 散瞳验光 电脑验光 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]