家庭养育方式对学龄前儿童行为影响  

The influence of family breeding and teaching methods on the behaviour of pre-school age chil- dren

作　　者：张凤玲[1] 马士薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市儿童医院儿童保健所,上海200040

出　　处：《临床儿科杂志》2003年第6期365-367,共3页Journal of Clinical Pediatrics

摘　　要：为了分析学龄前儿童行为问题的发生与家庭养育方式的关系,为家庭养育方式的改进提供科学依据,以整群抽样法,抽取上海市幼儿园4～6岁儿童4191名。应用相应的心理行为测试量表和相关的调查表进行调查分析;用卡方及多元逐步回归法进行分析。结果显示,对学龄前儿童行为问题有影响的因素为:①与孩子相处的方式;②生活习惯的培养;③教育的方法。提示家庭养育方式对学龄前儿童行为问题的发生起着至关重要的作用。为减少儿童行为问题的发生,必需改进养育理念,营造科学的家庭养育氛围。Shanghai is in the front-line of the reform and opening to the outside world. So, the young parents are confronted with the rapid life style, heavy pressure of study and fierce competition in working, with no enough time to take good care of their children, thus, resulting in the incidence of behaviour problems in their children increasing. In this study the influence of family breeding and teaching methods on the behaviour of pre-school age children was analysed to provide the scientific basis for improving the quality of early stage of family education and reducing the incidence of childhood behaviour problems. 4191 children (2138 boys, 2053 girls)born between Jan. 1996 and Jan. 1998 from kindergartens were enrolled randomly with Achenbach's list and 'Q&A Sheet' to evaluate their children's behaviour problems and analysed with Chi-square and stepwise multi-analysis. In addition, 22 items concerning with the family breeding and teaching were investigated with the parent' s questionnaire compiled by us. The results showed that (1) 735 of them had behaviour problems accounting for 17. 54% which surpassed the incidence of the childhood behaviour problems(10%-15% ) reported at home with 361 of 2138 boys (6. 54% ) and 374 of 2053 girls (18.22%). There was no significant difference between boys and girls with the Chi-square analysis. (2)16/22 items were concerning with the childhood behaviour problems and family breeding and teaching methods. 16 of them had great significance with Chi-square single factor analysis(P<0.05 or P<0.01). 7/16 items were found to have the relationship between children behaviour problems and family breeding and teaching methods with mult-progressive regression analysis. Thus, the factors influencing on the behaviour problems in pre-school age children in family breeding and teaching methods can be summarized as following: (1)How to spend the time with children. (2) How to cultivate their daily life habits. (3)The way of family breeding and teaching. So, the data from this article indicated t

关 键 词：家庭养育方式 学龄前儿童 行为问题 生活习惯 培养 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学]