视力残疾的病因分析及预防  

Analysis of factors causing visual disability in Yuzhong district,Chongqing.

作　　者：郭华兰[1] 王茜[1] 汤永强[1] 涂太碧 王力军 叶梅 孙长国 陈列渔 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学第二临床学院,重庆400010 [2]重庆市渝中区残联办公室,重庆400013

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2003年第7期817-818,共2页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

摘　　要：目的:了解重庆市渝中区近5年来视力残疾的状况、特点及致残病因,提出相应的预防措施。方法:由指定眼科医师进行多次常规及特殊检查,分析403例806只眼的调查资料。结果:0～14岁儿童组人群的主要致残因素是先天遗传、屈光不正/弱视、斜视/弱视、角膜病和视神经病变;60岁以上老年人群为青光眼、白内障、角膜病、视网膜病变和视神经病变;其他人群依次为高度近视网脱及黄斑变性、眼外伤、角膜病、青光眼和视网膜病变。结论:对不同年龄段的人群应制定相应的预防视残措施。重点开展孕期保健工作及遗传咨询,加大眼部疾病预防知识宣传,预防眼部感染和外伤,积极治疗原发病。Objective:To investigate the conditions,characteristics and causes of the visual disability in yuzhong district,Chongqing,in order to suggest the preventive measures corresponding to different age.Methods:With routine and special exams were took by optalmologists.Results:Analysis of data from yuzhong district,Chongqing in 5 years.Major factors causing visual disability were congenital or hereditary defects,ametropia,amblyopia,corneal diease and optic nerve diease in children aged 0～14 years,glaucoma,senile cataract,corneal disease,retina lesion and optic nerve disease in elderly people aged 60 and over;and retina detachmend,macular degeneration,eye trauma,and corneal disease in the other people.Conclusion:Suggestion of different Prevention measures corresponding to different age was put forward by the authors with focus on primary prevention,including health care in pregnancy and genetic counseling,proclaiming the knowledge of eye disease,preventing from eye infection and trauma,and active treatment of primary disease.

关 键 词：视力残疾 病因分析 预防 先天遗传 屈光不正 弱视 斜视 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科]