云计算应用服务开发环境:从代码逻辑到数据流图  

Cloud computing development environment: from code logic to dataflow diagram

作　　者：刘云浩 杨启凡 李振华[1] Yunhao LIU;Qifan YANG;Zhenhua LI(School of Software,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学软件学院

出　　处：《中国科学：信息科学》2019年第9期1119-1137,共19页Scientia Sinica(Informationis)

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)(批准号:2015AA01A201)资助项目

摘　　要：云计算应用服务具备优良的弹性与扩展性,但其开发则具备较高的难度和复杂性,要求开发者熟练掌握并运用各项云计算技术,搭建并维护网络化信息系统.在国民经济各行各业对云计算应用服务日益旺盛的需求驱动下,近年来出现了众多支持或辅助云计算应用服务完整或部分生命周期的开发环境.本文实践调研了多个主流云计算应用服务开发环境,根据自动化程度的高低将它们分为3个类别:用户自主搭建开发环境、社区自发维护标准构件及托管开发环境,其中第3类进一步分为4代:编辑型、应用级、函数级与集成型.通过典型案例的深入挖掘,梳理出云计算应用服务开发环境的4个主要发展趋势:虚拟化、轻量化、智能化与可视化,并基于我们研发的Cloud Studio开发环境探索其可能的具体形态与展现形式,特别是开发理念从微观层面的代码逻辑转变到宏观层面的数据流图,期望能够有效降低开发门槛,加速开发效率,促进'中国云'核心竞争力的形成.Cloud applications possess excellent flexibility and scalability;however,they often require developers to master various cloud computing techniques and build networked systems from scratch,which is difficult and complex for most developers.Recently,there has been considerable growth in development environments that support the partial or complete life cycle of cloud applications because of the growing demand for cloud applications and services from all sectors of the national economy.On the basis of the study of multiple mainstream development environments for cloud applications,we classify them into three categories:home-brewed development environments by users,spontaneously maintained standard components by communities,and managed development environments by public clouds.The third category(managed environments)is further divided into four generations:editor style,application-level,function-level,and integrated development environments.Through in-depth mining of a series of typical cases,we summarize the four major evolution trends of the development environments for cloud applications:virtualization,lightweight,intelligence,and visualization.Using our implemented development environment,named Cloud Studio,we explore possible forms and paradigms of development environments for cloud applications in the future,especially transformation in terms of core concept:from micro-level code logic to macro-level dataflow diagram.We believe that implementing Cloud Studio can effectively reduce requirements on cloud application developers,accelerate development progress,and promote formation of the core competence of China’s cloud computing industry.

关 键 词：云计算 开发环境 软件工程 数据流图 应用开发 

分 类 号：TP311.52[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]