中国东海和南海有害赤潮高发区麻痹性贝毒素研究  

Paralytic shellfish toxins in shellfish from the coast of high frequent harmful algae blooms occurrence areas in East China Sea and South China Sea

作　　者：江天久[1] 陈菊芳[1] 邹迎麟[2] 刘洁生[1] 杨维东[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生命科学与技术学院,广州510632 [2]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,青岛266061

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2003年第7期1156-1160,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目 ( 2 0 0 1CB40 970 9) .

摘　　要：用小白鼠生物检测法和高效液相色谱法对采自浙江舟山和广东深圳海域贝类的麻痹性贝毒素进行了调查和分析 .结果表明 ,舟山海域近岸的贝类毒素检出率为 14 % ,染毒的贝类毒素含量不高 ,低于小白鼠生物检测法的测定范围 ;深圳近岸贝类毒素检出率为 30 %以上 ,华贵栉孔扇贝是主要的染毒贝类 ,有1个样品毒素含量达 5 .1Mu·g-1,超出安全食用标准 .从深圳大亚湾华贵栉孔扇贝检测出 10种麻痹性贝毒素成分 ,消化腺的主要毒素成分为GTX1+ 2 和GTX5,C1+ 2 和GTX2 + 3 ,而剔除消化腺后其余贝组织的主要成分为neoSTX和GTX5.贝毒素主要积累在扇贝的消化腺内 ,消化腺含有的毒素是贝肉组织的 8倍 .The paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxicity levels of shellfish collected from shellfish growing zones in Zhoushan areas of East China Sea and Shenzhen areas of South China Sea during January-November 2002 were determined with AOAC bioassay method. The results showed that the toxicity levels of shellfish from Zhoushan were very low,and few shellfish samples could be detected the PSP toxicities.The same levels appeared in the shellfish from Shenzhen, but the percentage of shellfish samples contaminated PSP was up to 30%, and the scallop Chalmys nobilis was dominated in the contaminated shellfish species.Analyses on the toxic profiles of digest gland and edible tissue extraction of scallop from Shenzhen showed that a similar suite of toxins presented in the gland and edible tissues.The high potency neoSTX and low potency GTX 5 had a high proportions, up to 60.8% and 11.4%,respectively in the tissue, and the high potency GTX 1+2 and GTX 5 were the dominant toxins, up to 38.9% and 20%,respectively in the gland. Most of the toxin were accumulated in ingested gland of scallop,and the toxic content in gland was about 8 folds more than that in the edible tissues.

关 键 词：麻痹性贝类毒素 赤潮 高效液相色谱 小白鼠生物检测 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]