沈阳地区水田主要杂草种群的消长动态及生态位分析  

Eco-niches of major weeds in rice fields in Shenyang,China

作　　者：肖红[1] 周启星[1] 曹莹[2] 曹志强[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所陆地生态过程重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]沈阳农业大学,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《农村生态环境》2003年第3期9-13,共5页Rural Eco-Environment

基　　金：中国科学院"引进国外杰出人才"百人计划项目;中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KZCX2 -SW - 416 )

摘　　要：对沈阳地区水田主要杂草群落的种类组成、消长动态规律及其生态位的研究结果表明 :沈阳地区水田杂草群落主要由稗 (Echinochloacrusgalli)、大狼把草 (Bidensfrondosa)、耳基水苋 (Ammanniaarenaria)、丁香蓼 (Lud wigiaprostrata)、牛毛毡 (Eleocharisacicularis)、鹅肠菜 (Myosotonaquaticum)、风花菜 (Rorippaislandica)和石胡荽(Centipedaminima)组成 ,其中 ,稗、大狼把草、丁香蓼和耳基水苋为主要危害种群 ;从时间、水平和垂直生态位宽度值来看 ,稗和大狼把草为本地区水田杂草群落中的优势种群 ,且 2者的生态位重叠值较高 ,若单独使用杀稗类除草剂 。The composition,growth and withering,dominant species and eco niches of the weeds in rice fields in Shenyang were investigated.The results showed that Echinochloa crusgalli,Bidens frondosa,Ammannia arenaria,Ludwigia prostrata,Eleocharis acicularis,Myosoton aquaticum,Rorippa islandica and Centipeda minima.Echinochloa crusgalli and Bidens frondosa are the main eco damaging populations in paddy fields of the area.Based on the calculation of time,horizontal and vertical breadth eco niches of the weed community, Echinochloa crusgalli and Bidens frondosa are the dominant species.Their niches overlap extensively.Mono application of barnyardgrass killing herbicide can induce spreading of broadleaf weeds such as Bidens frondosa .

关 键 词：水田 杂草 群落 生态位 沈阳地区 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]