温室小气候测量试验设计及其夏季蒸腾研究  

Design Experiment to Measure Microclimate and Study Transpiration in Summer in Greenhouse

作　　者：汪小旵[1] 丁为民[1] 罗卫红[2] 李式军[3] 陈雨青[1] 戴剑峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学工学院 [2]南京农业大学农学院 [3]南京农业大学园艺学院

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2003年第4期86-89,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (项目编号 :60 0 73 0 2 8及 3 983 0 2 3 0)

摘　　要：温室内小气候环境参数的有效观测关系到温室小气候模拟模型的精度 ,而温室内作物的蒸腾既影响到潜热和显热交换 ,又是确定温室作物肥水灌溉的主要依据。本研究设计了一套用于温室小气候和作物蒸腾测量的试验装置 ,并在夏季南方现代化温室内进行了观测。结果分析表明 ,试验装置可以用于温室小气候的测量 ,且波恩比法适于对夏季高温、高湿条件下南方现代化温室中作物蒸腾的模拟 ,夏季温室内蒸腾速率随净辐射和空气饱和冠层水汽压差的增加而线性增大 ,蒸腾速率对冠层以上不同高度水汽压差的变化不敏感。The parameters of a microclimate in greenhouse has effects upon the accuracy of the simulation model of greenhouse, and the transpiration in greenhouse influences the latent and sensible heat exchanges and is also a key factor to determine the fertirrigation. In this study a set of device was designed and used in a modern greenhouse under the summer condition. The results showed that the device could measure the greenhouse microclimate with an acceptable accuracy, and the Bowen method was suitable for calculating the transpiration rate in subtropical modern greenhouse under high temperature and humidity condition. The transpiration rate increased linearly with the increase of net radiation and water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) above the canopy,and it was not sensitive to VPD at the different heights above the canopy.

关 键 词：温室小气候 试验设计 夏季 蒸腾测量 作物 肥水灌溉 波恩比法 水汽压差 

分 类 号：S625.5[农业科学—园艺学]