NH^(4+),尿素和聚乙二醇对蒙脱土的抑制膨胀作用  

Inhibition Behavior of NH_4^+ , Urea and Polyethylene Glycol on Swelling of Montmorillonite

作　　者：黄春[1] 刘尚营[1] 张春光[1] 莫小刚[1] 孙德军[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学胶体与界面化学教育部重点实验室,济南250100

出　　处：《化学学报》2003年第7期983-988,共6页Acta Chimica Sinica

摘　　要：通过膨胀仪与粒度分布仪对NH_4^+,K^+,尿素和聚乙二醇(PEG)对蒙脱土/水悬浮体中土颗粒水化、膨胀及分散的抑制作用进行了系统研究.发现NH_4^+与K^+一样可通过嵌入蒙脱土晶体的六角网孔而产生相似的水化抑制作用.尿素随着含量的升高对粘土水化产生更强的抑制作用,但存在一个最高点.PEG与K^+和NH_4^+可形成复合物,产生协和的抑制作用,而尿素与PEG/K^+和PEG/nh_4^+的复合是目前发现的最强的抑制蒙脱土水化分散与膨胀的体系.Inhibition behavior of NH4+, K+, urea and polyethylene glycol on swelling and dispersing of montmorillonite particles in aqueous suspensions were studied with swelling test instrument and size distribution apparatus. It was found that NW can penetrate into hexagonal cavities of montmorillonite, as is much similar to K+. Urea showed better inhibitive ability with increasing mass content, and there was a maximum. PEG formed complexes with NH4+ and K+, generating strong inhibitive properties. Complexes of urea/PEG/K+ and urea/PEG/NH4+ were the most powerful system to inhibit hydration, swelling and dispersing of montmorillonite.

关 键 词：NH4^+ 尿素 聚乙二醇 蒙脱土 抑制膨胀作用 胶体化学 硅酸盐 晶体结构 粘土矿物 

分 类 号：O611[理学—无机化学]