阿根廷经济跨国公司化及其后果——阿根廷金融危机探源之一  

DOMINANCE OF THE TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS OVER THEARGENTINE ECONOMY:THE CAUSE OF THE FINANCIAL CRISIS

作　　者：沈安[1] 

机构地区：[1]新华通讯社参考新闻编辑部,高级编辑北京100803

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2003年第2期9-11,36,共4页Journal of Latin American Studies

摘　　要：198 0年代末 ,阿根廷在国际货币基金组织的主导下 ,开始了全面的国有企业私有化过程 ,即经济的跨国公司化或外国化的过程。这一过程 ,不仅造成阿根廷经济被外国资本所控制和国家经济主权的丧失 ,而且成为导致最近阿根廷经济和金融危机的重要因素。Starting from the end of the1 980 s,guided by IMF,Argentina started a process of ambitious economic reforms. In this process,through the large privatization programs,transnational corporations ( TNCs) gained dominance over the Argentine economy,a process that might be termed as' de- nationalization' . Privatization brought in much foreign capital and helped revive the economy.However,the process of de- nationalization also generated many shortcomings.To some degrees,this process has become one of the major causes of the financial crisis. The negative side of the process includes the following points:1 ) TNCs control a larger share of the national economy,resulting in a reduced role of the state to produce and provide goods and services. 2 ) The governmentfailed to guide foreign capital to the productive sectors.Rather,mostof the TNCs are found in the service sectors. 3) Merges and acquisitions by the foreign capital led to an evident decline of the local industries. 4) Foreign capital has dominated the financial sector.As a result,the government has less capacity to regulate this sector. 5 ) Infrastructures and much of the natural resource were controlled by foreign capital. 6) In the longer run excessive inflow of foreign investment would lead to worse position of the balance of payments. 7) In the service sectors costs and prices were denominated in U.S.dollars.This practice,along with the strong U.S.dollar,resulted in very high prices.8) Regarding bidding requirements and pricing,the privatization program also had many problems.The consequence of the above negative effects resulted in a severe financial crisis.

关 键 词：阿根廷 经济 跨国公司化 金融危机 国有企业 

分 类 号：F279.783[经济管理—企业管理]