利用籼粳回交群体分析水稻粒形性状相关QTLs  

Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Rice Grain Shape Based on an indica/japonica Backcross Population

作　　者：严长杰[1] 梁国华[1] 陈峰[1] 李欣[1] 汤述翥[1] 裔传灯[1] 田舜[1] 陆驹飞[1] 顾铭洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农学院农学系,扬州225009

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》2003年第8期711-716,共6页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (3 0 2 70 80 9);江苏省教育厅高校科研基金项目 (0 0KJB2 10 0 0 4)资助~~

摘　　要：水稻谷粒的外观性状对稻米外观品质存在重要的影响。该研究利用SSR标记 ,以回交群体Balilla/NTH∥Balilla为作图群体 ,构建了水稻 12条染色体的连锁图 ,该遗传图谱包括 10 8个分子标记 ,平均图距为 11 9cM。以构建的遗传图谱为基础 ,采用区间作图法对谷粒外观性状 ,包括粒长、粒宽和粒形进行了数量性状基因 (QTL)定位。结果表明 ,粒长、粒宽和粒形在回交群体中均呈近似的正态分布 ,表现出典型的数量性状特征。QTL定位结果表明 ,第 12染色体上RM10 1 RM2 70区间内存在一个与粒长性状相关的QTL ,(qGL 12 ) ,加性效应约为 0 2 6mm ,贡献率为 16 7%。在第 2和第 3染色体上RM15 4 RM2 11和RM2 5 7 RM175区间内 ,分别检测到qGW 2和qGW 3两个位点与粒宽性状有关 ,加性效应为分别为 - 0 10mm和 - 0 12mm ,贡献率分别为 11 5 %和 16 6 %。对于粒形性状 ,共检测到 3个QTLs,qLW 2 ,qLW 6和qLW 7,分别位于第 2、6和 7染色体上。其中qLW 2和qLW 7的加性效应分别约为0 0 9和 0 10 ,两个QTLs分别可解释表型变异的 12 7%和 18 3% ;而qLW 6的加性效应约为 - 0 13,可解释粒形变异的 11 5 %。文中还讨论了粒形和稻米外观品质同时改良的可能性。Appearance of rice grain represents a major character of rice quality in many rice-producing areas of the world,especially in hybrid rice production in China.In this study,we conducted a molecular marker-based genetic analysis of the traits that are determinants of the appearance quality of rice grains,including grain length,grain width and grain shape (measured as grain length to grain width ratio).Two typical indica/japonica varieties Balilla and Nantehao(NTH) were selected to construct Balilla/NTH∥Balilla backcross population containing 142 individuals.In the population,grain length,grain width and grain shape all conform to the normal distribution with certain transgressive segregation.It can be deduced that all of three traits were controlled by some quantitative trait loci (QTLs).In order to explore the QTLs effect,number and location,a linkage map consisting of 108 SSR markers based on the backcross population was constructed,and QTLs mapping was carried out for grain length,grain width and grain shape.A QTL, qGL-12 ,was detected for grain length at the interval RM101-RM270 on chromosome 12, its additive effect was 0.26 mm,and can explain 16.7% genetic variation.As for grain width trait,two QTLs were found, qGW-2 located at RM154-RM211 interval on chromosome 2,and qGW-3 at interval RM257-RM175 on chromosome 3,accounting for 11.5% and 16.6% genetic variation,respectively.The alleles at qGW-2 and qGW-3 from parent Balilla can increase grain width by 0.10 mm and 0.12 mm.For grain shape,3 QTLs, qLW-2,qLW-6 and qLW-7 were found,located on chromosome 2,6,and 7,respectively. qLW-2 and qLW-7 had positive effect,and they can explain 12.7% and 18.3% genetic variation,while qLW-6 had negative effect and contributed 11.5% genetic variation to the backcross population.The prospects of application of linkage relationship between SSR marker and QTLs in marker based selection (MAS) in rice breeding,and the improvement of grain shape and rice appearance quality were discussed.

关 键 词：水稻 粒长 粒宽 粒形 QTL定位 

分 类 号：S511.2[农业科学—作物学]