919名幼师女生抑郁、焦虑情绪的流行学特征及相关因素  

Depression and Anxiety in Female Students of Children's Normal School

作　　者：苏虹[1] 程慧[1] 张秀军[1] 王计争[1] 王敏[1] 赵越友[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学流行病与卫生统计学系,230032

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2003年第7期465-467,共3页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：美国健康基金会 (编号 :95- 62 3)资助项目

摘　　要：目的 :了解幼师女生抑郁、焦虑情绪的流行特征及其相关因素。方法 :分层整群抽取某幼师学校919名女生进行抑郁、焦虑情绪的流行学特征及其相关因素的现况调查。结果 :幼师女生抑郁和焦虑情绪的流行率分别为 48 75 %和 16 3 2 % ,不同年级女生在某些BDI单项分上的差异具有显著性 ;但在焦虑情绪方面的差异无显著性。抑郁组女生的N(神经质 )和P(精神质或倔强、讲求实际 )值显著高于非抑郁组 ,但E(内、外向 )和L(测定被试掩饰 ,或社会幼稚水平 )值显著低于非抑郁组。抑郁组女生在亲密度、情感表达、独立性、成功性、知识性和组织性方面显著低于非抑郁组 ,而在矛盾性方面显著高于非抑郁组。非条件logistic回归分析结果表明 ,幼师女生抑郁情绪与生源、亲密度、控制体型、学习成绩以及母亲文化程度有关 ,焦虑情绪与情感表达、控制体型、近 1个月内饮酒和矛盾性有关。结论 :应联合学校、家庭、社会 ,加强幼师学生心理健康教育 ,以防止或降低其抑郁、焦虑情绪的发生率 ,并依据目标人群特点 ,为采取有针对性的健康教育措施提供依据 ,以全面推进素质教育。Objective:To investigate the rates of depression and anxiety in female students of a children's normal school Method:919 female students of a children's normal school were collected by stratified cluster sampling, they completed BDI (Beck Depression Inventory), SAS (Zung's self-rating anxiety scale), EPQ, FES (family environment scale) and a self-made inventory on risk behaviors of adolescents Result:The rate of depression was 48 75%, that of anxiety was 16 32% Students of different grades had different rates of depression, but not different rates of anxiety Students with depression had higher N score and P score, and lower E score and less Lying in EPQ than normal control In family environment, the depressed students had poorer cohesion, expressiveness, independence, achievement, intellectual and organization than normal Logistic regression analysis showed depression related to where the students come from (rural or urban), intimacy, dieting, academic achievement and education level of their mother Anxiety related to expressiveness, dieting and drinking within one month Conclusion:Depression and anxiety are so common in female students of children's normal school, which need more attention from mental health professionals

关 键 词：幼师 女生 抑郁 焦虑 流行病学 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.72[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R395.6[医药卫生—临床医学]