滴灌在林业上应用的研究与进展  

A Review of the Research and Development of the Application of Drip-irrigation in Forestry

作　　者：韦艳葵[1] 贾黎明[1] 邢长山[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]北京市共青林场,北京101300

出　　处：《世界林业研究》2003年第4期38-43,共6页World Forestry Research

基　　金：北京林业大学研究生培养基金;教育部博士点基金资助

摘　　要：综述了滴灌在林业上应用的研究与进展 ,指出滴灌在林业上主要应用于经济林培育中 ,在用材林、苗木培育上的应用较少。滴灌在多种树木上应用的研究表明 ,其可促进树木的生长和提高产量 ,同时可大幅度提高水分利用效率 ,而其增产和节水的原因在于对树叶水势、光合速率、气孔导度等生理指标以及土壤水分分布及运动特性的影响。此外 ,还对目前节水灌溉制度探索的研究进行了概括性的总结。最后 ,建议对滴灌的研究应进一步深入到对优化灌溉制度的探索中 ,而对优化灌溉制度的研究应依据植物或树木的生长节律、生理特性与土壤的水分运动特征来确定灌溉的开始时间、灌溉频率及灌水定额 ,从而科学地制定灌溉计划。The research and development of the application of drip-irrigation in forestry were summarized and it was showed that the research and development of the application of drip-irrigation in forestry was mostly in non-wood product-forest and it was less in timber and nursery. The application researches of drip-irrigation on many trees indicated that it could improve tree growth and increase yields, at the same time it could greatly improve the water use efficiencies. The reasons of yields increased and water-saving are that leaf water potential, photosynthetic velocity, stomatal conductance and other physiological indexes, the character of soil moisture distributing and movement are affected by drip-irrigation. Furthermore, the study on water-saving irrigation system at present was synoptically summarized. In the end, it was suggested that the researches of irrigation should be penetrated into the study on optimizing the system of irrigation, and for the study on the system of irrigation, the time of beginning irrigation, irrigation frequency and irrigation amount should be decided on the character of growth and the water status and the character of soil moisture, accordingly irrigation was arranged by the numbers.

关 键 词：滴灌 林业 应用 经济林培育 苗木培育 水分利用效率 生理指标 水分分布 运动特性 节水灌溉 

分 类 号：S723.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]