河南省城市学前儿童血铅水平调查  

Investigation on children's blood lead level in urban areas of Henan province

作　　者：韩良峰 祝刚[2] 张保平 吴怀玉 李红斌 郭保成 陈萍萍[6] 王旗[6] 

机构地区：[1]河南省卫生监督所,郑州450003 [2]河南省卫生防疫站 [3]郑州市卫生监督所 [4]洛阳市卫生防疫站 [5]新乡市卫生监督检验所 [6]郑州大学医学院公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2003年第9期1098-1099,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金资助 (0 0 1 1 70 4 0 9)

摘　　要：目的　了解河南省城市学前儿童血铅水平及影响因素。方法　采用双阶整群抽样法对河南省 3个城市8所幼儿园 5 2 7名 3～ 5岁儿童取肘静脉血 ,用微波消解电感藕荷等离子质谱仪 (ICP -MASS)测定血铅 ,同时进行问卷调查 ,采取逐步回归分析方法进行分析。结果　 5 2 7名学前儿童血铅均值为 135 5 μg/L ,≥ 10 0 μg/L 4 2 6人 ,占被调查儿童数的 80 83% ,男性儿童均值为 138 6 μg/L ;女性儿童均值为 132 1μg/L ,工业区儿童血铅均值 14 9 4 μg/L ,非工业区儿童血铅均值 12 0 3μg/L。相关分析表明 :儿童居住地及幼儿园距主要交通干线、污染源的距离越近儿童血铅水平越高 ,血铅水平的升高使得儿童体格发育迟缓、思维判断和表达能力的发育方面延缓。结论　河南省学前儿童血铅水平明显高于附近省市 ,是污染较严重的地区之一。Objective To investigate the blood lead level of children and to identify related risk factors in the urban areas in Henan province.Methods 527 vein blood samples from preschool children in nine kindergarten of three cities of Henan province were sampled.Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)were employed to determine lead level in whole level after microwave digestion for sample preparation and questionnare survey was also performed.A multi-variable linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between blood lead levels and risk factors.Results Mean blood lead contents of 527 children were 135.5?μg/L,of which 426 children(80.83%)were found with a blood lead level ≥100?μg/L,and mean blood lead level of boys(138.6?μg/L)was higher than that of girls(132.1?μg/L),mean blood lead level of children in industrial district was 149.4?μg/L,120.3?μg/L in non-industrial district.It showed that the more near main lines of communication and pollutant source in resident district and kindergarten,the more higher in blood lead level.It had negative effects on children-physical growth,thought judgement and expression ability.Conclusion Mean blood lead level of children in Henan province was significantly higher than that of adjacent province and Henan province was one of more serious areas.

关 键 词：儿童 血铅 影响因素 

分 类 号：R503.1[医药卫生—内科学]