宗教与武术技艺的融通:回族武术的渊源、表征与传承  

Convergence between Religions and Martial Arts and Skills:Origins and Heritage of Hui Martial Arts

作　　者：马景卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学体育学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《体育与科学》2015年第6期58-62 67,共6页Sports & Science

摘　　要：本文以"西域教门"为线索,研究我国回族武术产生、表征和发展的基本过程。研究证实:回族是通过古丝绸之路输入并经过改造的一个外来民族,信奉伊斯兰教,崇尚《古兰经》,其宗教文化与武术技艺相互融通;回族武术源于明代,与元末以朱元璋为首的农民起义有着密切关系,最具代表性的查拳始创于山东冠县人沙亮,这是目前有据可查的查拳大师;吴钟是另一位杰出的回族武术名师,他是八极拳在沧州地区的第一位传人;民间俗称的"昆仑派"存在有其合理性;在回族中流传最为广泛的有查拳、华拳、腿拳、洪拳、炮拳、弹腿和摔跤,回族武术最终形成了"把式加跤"的特色。博爱、共享文化思想奠定了教门回族武术的传承机制。In this paper,with'Western Sect'as a clue,we have studies the formation and development process of Hui martial arts.The study confirmed that:the Hui ethnic minority group was transformed from an alien ethnic group that came into China via the ancient Silk Road,and the Hui people believe in Islam and advocate The Koran.Hui martial arts originated during the Ming Dynasty and were closely related to the peasant uprising and the wars led by Zhu Yuanzhang in the late Yuan Dynasty.The most typical Cha Fist was created by Sha Liang in Guanxian County,Shandong Province.This is the master of Cha Fist that is currently documented.Wu Zhong is another renowned master of Hui martial arts,and he is the first successor of Bajiquan(eight extremes fist)in Cangzhou.The existence of Hui martial arts that were called'Kunlun Sect'by the folk people has its own rationality.The most popular martial arts in the Hui ethnic minority group include Cha Fist,Hua Fist,Tui Fist,Hong Fist,Pao Fist,Tantui and wrestling,ultimately forming the characteristics of'Bashi wrestling'.The tradition of the Hui ethnic group advocating martial arts comes from two aspects:first,martial arts were used as an important means to resist oppression and massacres;second the Hui people believe that practicing the martial arts for self-defense is a sacred act.

关 键 词：穆斯林 西域教门 把势加跤 昆仑派 查拳 弹腿 

分 类 号：G852[文化科学—民族体育]