加替沙星体外抗菌作用研究  

In vitro antibacterial activity of gatifloxacin

作　　者：张婴元[1] 周乐[1] 朱德妹[1] 吴培澄[1] 李胜利[1] 郁继诚[1] 郭蓓宁[1] 胡付品[1] 吴湜[1] 吴卫红[1] 汪复[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属华山医院抗生素研究所,上海200040

出　　处：《中国抗感染化疗杂志》2003年第5期257-263,共7页Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy

摘　　要：目的 :评价加替沙星的体外抗菌作用。方法 :以琼脂稀释法测定加替沙星对临床分离菌的最低抑菌浓度 (MIC) ,并与有关抗菌药进行比较。测定加替沙星的杀菌作用 ,以及各种培养条件对加替沙星抗菌活性的影响。结果 :加替沙星对临床分离菌 1192株MIC测定结果显示该药具广谱抗菌作用。对甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌 (MSSA)、肺炎链球菌、溶血性链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌具高度抗菌活性 ,MIC90 ≤ 0 .2 5mg/L。但对甲氧西林耐药葡萄球菌 (MRS)和肠球菌属的作用差。对肠杆菌科细菌的大多数菌株具良好抗菌作用 ,其中对肺炎克雷伯菌、沙雷菌属、普通变形杆菌、沙门菌属、志贺菌属的MIC90 ≤ 2mg/L。但大肠埃希菌的敏感性较差。该药对铜绿假单胞菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌亦具良好抗菌作用 ,不动杆菌属对其敏感性较差。加替沙星对脆弱拟杆菌、消化链球菌等厌氧菌亦具高度抗菌活性。与受试的其他氟喹诺酮类药物相比 ,加替沙星对MSSA、肺炎链球菌、溶血性链球菌、脆弱拟杆菌的作用明显优于环丙沙星和氧氟沙星 ,对肠杆菌科细菌和非发酵革兰阴性菌作用较环丙沙星略优或相仿。杀菌试验结果显示加替沙星具快速杀菌作用。除培养基的pH值改变对其抗菌活性略有影响外 ,细菌接种量及血清含量无明显影响。结论Objective: To evaluate the in vitro activity of gatifloxacin. Methods:The MICs of gatifloxacin against 1 192 clinical isolates were determined and compared with other antimicrobial agents using agar dilution method. The bactericidal activity and factors influence the activity of gatifloxacin were investigated. Results:The results showed that gatifloxacin had broad spectrum activity. It was highly active against MSSA, S. pneumoniae, Hemolytic streptococcus, H. influenzae, MIC 90 ≤0.25 mg/L, but it was poorly active against methicillin resistant Staphylococci (MRS) and Enterococci. The MIC 90 ≤2 mg/L for K.pneumoniae, Serratia spp ., P.vulgaris, Salmonellae spp. and Shigellae spp., however, it was less active against E.coli . Gatifloxacin also had good activity against P.aeruginosa and S.maltophilia, but poorly active against Acinetobacter spp..It was highly active against anaerobes, including B.fragilis, Peptostreptococcus spp.. Gatifloxacin was obviously more active against MSSA, S.pneumoniae, Hemolytic Streptococcus and B.fragilis than ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. The activity of gatifloxacin against strains of Enterobacteriaceae and nonfermentative Gram negative organisms was better than or comparable to that of ciprofloxacin. Gatifloxacin is a bactericidal agent with rapid killing activity . Inoculum size of bacteria and concentration of human serum in test media did not influence, while pH of media slightly influence the in vitro activity of gatifloxacin. Conclusions:Gatifloxacin is a broad spectrum agent, it is highly active against most organisms especially the pathogens of community acquired respiratory tract infections. Our findings suggest gatifloxacin could be a promising agent for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive organisms.

关 键 词：加替沙星 细菌药敏试验 杀菌活性 评价 琼脂稀释法 测定 

分 类 号：R96[医药卫生—药理学]