极低频电磁场对雄性小鼠生殖的影响  

Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on male reproduction in mice

作　　者：洪蓉[1] 刘赟[1] 喻云梅[1] 胡柯[1] 翁恩琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学环境科学系,上海200062

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2003年第5期342-345,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：上海市生态学重点学科资助项目

摘　　要：目的　研究极低频电磁场 (ELFEMFs)对雄性小鼠生殖的影响。方法　 94只昆明种清洁级雄性小鼠分别暴露于 5 0Hz,0 .2、3.2、6 .4mT电磁场下 ,持续 2周或 4周 ,观测小鼠睾丸重量、睾丸组织学变化 ,计量其精子数、精子活动率及精子头部畸形率 ,采用流式细胞术检测睾丸不同倍体细胞的百分比、DNA含量以及各时相的细胞百分比。结果　 6 .4mT电磁场暴露 4周后 ,小鼠睾丸重量为( 76 .0 6± 32 .2 5 )mg ,比对照组 [( 111.4 4± 19.99)mg]明显下降 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;电磁场暴露各组小鼠睾丸组织学无明显改变 ;电磁场暴露 4周组小鼠精子数量均下降 ,其中 0 .2mT和 6 .4mT暴露组分别为 ( 4 .87± 0 .94 )× 10 6 ml和 ( 4 .30± 1.89)× 10 6 ml,与对照组 [( 6 .6 7± 0 .70 )× 10 6 ml]比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;电磁场暴露各组小鼠精子活动率均下降 ,0 .2、3.2、6 .4mT电磁场暴露组小鼠 2周和 4周的精子畸形率分别为 ( 7.4 16± 3.35 2 ) %、( 6 .86 2± 2 .94 7) %、( 8.112± 4 .6 15 ) %和 ( 10 .2 6 7±3.836 ) %、( 11.0 2 7± 7.0 5 9) %、( 8.814± 3.6 78) % ,与对照组 [( 4 .0 98± 2 .0 2 8) %、( 3.714± 1.830 ) % ]的差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;6 .4mT电磁场暴露Objective To investigate the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields(ELF EMFs) on male reproduction in mice. Methods 94 adult male mice were exposed to 50 Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic fields of 0.2,3.2 or 6.4 mT for 2 weeks or 4 weeks.Testicular histology and weight,sperm amount,sperm motility and morphology were measured.The percentages of different ploidy cells and cell phases,and DNA content of testis cells were estimated by flow cytometry.The micronucleus rate of bone marrow cell was also observed. Results The testicular weight of the mice exposed to 6.4 mT for 4 weeks[(76.06±32.25)mg] was significantly lower than that of the control[(111.44±19.99)mg, P <0.05];no significant histopathological changes were observed on the testis in EMFs exposed mice;the sperm amount was decreased after EMFs exposure for 4 weeks,and those of the mice exposed to 0.2 mT and 6.4 mT for 4 weeks[(4.87±0.94)×10 6/ml and(4.30±1.89)× 10 6/ml respectively] were significantly lower than that of the control[(6.67±0.70)×10 6/ml,P<0.05];the rates of sperm motility also showed a decline.After 0.2, 3.2 or 6.4 mT EMFs exposure for 2 weeks,the deformity rates of sperm[(7.416±3.352)%,(6.862±2.947)% and (8.112±4.615)% respectively] were significantly higher than that of the control[(4.098± 2.028)%, P <0.01]. Similarly,those of the mice exposed for 4 weeks[(10.267±3.836)%,(11.027±7.059)%,(8.814±3.678)% respectively] were higher than that of the control[(3.714±1.830)%].After 6.4 mT exposure for 2 weeks,the percentages of 1C testis cells[(69.56± 4.07)%] was significantly lower than that of the control [(73.45 ±3.10)%,P<0.05].There were not any remarkable changes in those of 2C,4C cells.DNA content in different ploidy cells of the mice exposed to 6.4 mT was decreased.Moreover,the cell percentage in S phase was increased significantly(P<0.01). Conclusion ELF EMFs exposure may have some adverse effects on reproduction in mice.

关 键 词：极低频电磁场 雄性小鼠 生殖 影响 精子 

分 类 号：R363[医药卫生—病理学]