美沙酮口服液用于海洛因依赖脱毒治疗临床用药观察  

A Clinical Observation on Detoxification of Heroin Dependence by Oral Administration of Methadone

作　　者：段砺瑕[1] 徐国柱[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国药物依赖性研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《中国药物滥用防治杂志》2003年第5期6-8,共3页Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment

摘　　要：目的:探索美沙酮口服液对海洛因依赖者脱毒治疗的有效剂量和安全性,为临床用药提供经验。方法:对81例海洛因依赖者进行了开放用药观察,在避免出现不良反应的情况下,尽量给予足量美沙酮,以充分控制戒断症状。根据个体情况逐渐减量,疗程不超过21天。结果:对于大部分患者,平均日剂量40～50 mg可以较好地控制戒断症状,最大日剂量可达到105 mg,并且患者可以安全耐受,无严重不良反应。根据患者用药剂量不同,在8～21天内可以完全停药。结论:验证了美沙酮用于海洛因依赖脱毒治疗的安全有效性,并提示治疗剂量个体差异大,应遵循个体化原则,制定治疗计划,确定用药剂量和用药疗程。Objective: To explore the effective dosage and safety of oral administration of methadone for detoxification on heroin addicts, thus to provide more experience for clinical practice. Methods: 81 heroin addicts seeking detoxification were recruited into our study. They were given enough dosage of methadone orally to relieve withdrawal symptoms in the condition of avoiding serious adverse reaction. The dose was gradually tapered according to the individual reaction to the treatment and the duration of treatment was no more than 21 days. Results: The average dosage in the first 3 days after withdrawing heroin was 40～50 mg/d, and the maximum dose reached 105 mg. The duration of detoxification was between 8 and 21 days. No serious adverse event was reported.Conclusion: It is safe and effective to use methadone orally for heroin detoxification. The dosage and duration of treatment should be individualized.

关 键 词：美沙酮口服液 海洛因依赖 脱毒治疗 临床观察 有效剂量 安全性 戒断症状 

分 类 号：R749.61[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]