晋西黄土残源沟壑区不同林分暴雨产流产沙作用分析  

Analysis on the Function of Different Stand Affecting Runoff and Sediment from Rainstorm in Gullied Loess Hill of Jinxi

作　　者：张晓明[1] 孙中锋[1] 张学培[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2003年第3期37-42,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家攻关课题(2001BA510B01);霍英东教育基金会青年教师基金(81026)

摘　　要：通过对晋西黄土残塬沟壑区不同林分的径流场近6年的定位观测,分析林分对产流产沙的影响。结果表明:由山杨、油松、虎棒子、绣线菊、黄刺梅形成的次生林及虎榛子灌木林林分暴雨时产流产沙远较其他林分少;林草型林草带状间作、草林型林草带状间作和果园有较好的水土保持功能;低质量整地的果农复合经营模式暴雨时产流产沙较其他类型多,但在细致整地后其产流产沙明显减少;刺槐纯林林分郁闷度大、林下草本和枯落物量大,则暴雨时产流产沙少。According to fixed-position observation data of different protection forest in gullied Loess hill for about six years, this paper studies the influence of stand on runoff and sediment. The result shows that runoff and sediment production in secondary forest consisting of Populus davidiana , Pinus tabulaeformis , David ostryopsis , Thunberg Spiraea , and David ostrop shrub forest are the least compared with other stands in rainstorm. Function on soil and water conservation of different patterns, including alternate planting of forest and fodder grass, alternate planting of fodder grass and forest, and orchard, is better. And mixed planting model of apple trees and crops with low quality soil preparation has greater soil loss in rainstorm. However, after particular soil preparation, runoff and sediment from mixed planting of apple trees and crops decrease obviously. Besides, Robinia pseudoacacia forest produce less runoff and sediment if it has larger canopy density of stand and with great biomass of grass under forest and litter.

关 键 词：晋西黄土残塬沟壑区 林分结构 暴雨 产流产沙作用 水土保持林 

分 类 号：S727.22[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S718.56[农业科学—林学]