重组嗜水气单胞菌Aeromonas hydrophila 4AK4中3-羟基丁酸3-羟基己酸共聚酯PHBHHx的发酵生产  

Fermentative Production of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) by Recombinant Aeromonas hydrophila 4AK4 (pTG01)

作　　者：欧阳少平[1] 丘远征[1] 吴琼[1] 陈国强[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学生物科学与技术系,北京100084

出　　处：《生物工程学报》2003年第6期709-714,共6页Chinese Journal of Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助 (No .2 0 0 740 2 0)~~

摘　　要：3 羟基丁酸和 3 羟基己酸共聚酯 (PHBHHx)是一种性能优良的新型生物可降解材料 ,其机械和加工性能与3 羟基己酸 (3HHx)在共聚物中的含量密切相关。在嗜水气单孢菌Aeromonashydrophila 4AK4中引入了编码 β 酮基硫解酶 (β ketothiolase)的phbA基因和编码乙酰乙酰辅酶A还原酶 (Acetoacetyl CoAreductase)的phbB基因 ,使重组菌增加了一条利用乙酰辅酶A合成 3 羟基丁酸 CoA的代谢途径 ,这使得利用非相关性碳源调控PHBHHx的单体组成比例成为可能。利用葡萄糖酸钠和月桂酸作为碳源 ,对重组Aeromonashydrophila 4AK4进行了摇瓶培养及 5L发酵罐培养的研究。在摇瓶实验中 ,通过改变碳源中两种组分的比例 ,可以使A .hydrophila 4AK4合成的PHBHHx中的3HHx摩尔含量由原来的 15 %左右降低到 3%～ 12 % ,成功地实现了对PHBHHx单体组成的调控 ;当以月桂酸为唯一碳源时 ,在 5L发酵罐中 ,经过 5 6h的培养 ,获得了 5 1.5g L的细胞干重 (CDW) ,其中 6 2 %为PHBHHx,3HHx在PHBHHx中的摩尔含量为 9.7% ;当以 1:1的葡萄糖酸钠和月桂酸为碳源时 ,4 8h的 5L发酵罐培养获得了 32 .8g L的CDW和 5 2 %的PHBHHx含量 ,其中 3HHx在PHBHHx中的摩尔含量为 6 .7%。Copolyesters consisting of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx) (PHBHHx), a new type of biodegradable material, are receiving considerable attentions recently. The material properties are strongly related to the 3HHx fraction of PHBHHx. As the 3HHx fraction increase, crystallinity and melting point of PHBHHx decrease, flexibility and tractility increase. PHBHHx of different 3HHx fraction can meet different demands of commercial application and research. Aeromonas are the best studied PHBHHx-producing strains. Recent studies have been focused on optimizations of fermentative culture media and culture conditions for low-cost and efficient fermentative production. Aliphatic substrates such as long-chain fatty acid and soybean oil were used in the PHBHHx fermentation as the sole carbon source and energy source. Two-stage fermentation method was also developed for more efficient PHBHHx production. While studies on Aeromonas hydrophila revealed that the monomer composition of PHBHHx could not easily be regulated by fermentative process engineering methods such as changing substrates and fermentative conditions because precursors involved in the PHBHHx synthesis were all from the β-oxidation pathway. In this study, phbA gene encoding β-ketothiolase and phbB gene encoding acetoacetyl-CoA reductase were introduced into a PHBHHx-producing strain Aeromonas hydrophila 4AK4 so as to provide a new 3HB precursors synthesis way. phbA gene encodes β-ketothiolase which can catalyze two acetyl-CoA to form acetoacetyl-CoA; phbB gene encodes acetoacetyl-CoA reductase catalyzing acetoacetly-CoA into 3HB-CoA which is the precursor of 3HB. The introduced novel 3-hydroxybutyrate precursor synthesis pathway allowed the recombinant strain to use unrelated carbon source such as gluconate to provide 3HB precursors for PHBHHx synthesis. Shake-flask experiments were carried out to produce PHBHHx of controllable monomer composition and fermentations in 5 L fermentor were also proceeded for confirmation of these result in

关 键 词：3-羟基丁酸 3-羟基己酸共聚酯 嗜水气单孢菌 3-羟基己酸 

分 类 号：TQ920.6[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]