花生根瘤菌高效菌株的筛选及固氮效应的研究 I.花生根瘤菌高效菌株的筛选及固氮效应的盆栽试验  

Screening of Superior Nodule Bacteria Strains in Peanut and Their Nitrogen Fixation I.Effic iency performance in pot culture experiment

作　　者：吴海燕[1] 孙淑荣[1] 刘春光[1] 张桂芝[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,吉林公主岭136100

出　　处：《吉林农业科学》2003年第6期20-25,共6页Journal of　Jilin Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：以吉林省扶余县三井子镇沙壤土为供试土壤,通过对花生根瘤菌的采集、菌株的分离、纯化和原寄主品种的回接等盆栽试验,筛选出适合吉林省不同花生品种的优良菌株(2644、2656、2697)及其组合(2644+2656、2644+2697),并对其进行生理生化特性鉴定。结果表明,2644为快生型根瘤菌,表现出相对较强的固氮酶活性,2656、2697为慢生型根瘤菌,也具有较强的固氮活性。修正了花生根瘤菌无快生型或快生型固氮活性低的传统说法。同时这3种优良菌株中两种或两种以上组合接种效果更佳,是生产上推广应用的优选菌株,这为引进优良菌种和组合接菌提供了理论依据。Sand soil from Sanjins town of Fuyu county,Jilin province,was used as the ex-perimental Soil.Through some pot culture experiments and field experiments such as collection of peanut nodule bacteria,strain separation and purification,and returning inoculation of origi-nal host varieties,some good strains and their combinations that suit different peanut varieties of Jlin province were selected,and the yield increasing mechanism of peanut -peanut root nod-ule symbiosis nitrogen fixation was clarified preliminarily.Superior nodule bacteria varieties of2644,2656and2697were selected,and through pot culture experiments,their physiological and chemical characteristics were identified.The re-sults show that2644was quick-growing type of nodule bacteria,demonstrating comparatively strong nitrogen-fixating ferment activity.2656and2697were slow-growing types of nodule bacteria,with a relatively strong nitrogen fixation activity.The above results rectified the con-ventional opinion that peanut nodule bacteria do not have a quick-growing type or the quick-growing type has a lower nitrogen-fixating ferment activity.At the same time,a better effect could be obtained when two or more than two of the three superior strains were combined to-gether.They were better -selected strains suitable for application in peanut production.This provides theoretical foundation for the introduction of superior nodule bacteria varieties and in-oculation combination.

关 键 词：花生 根瘤菌 盆栽试验 固氮酶活性 菌株筛选 固氮效应 氮素化肥 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]