氮、磷、钾、硼配合对油菜品种产量、品质的影响  

Effect of N,P,K and B application on yield, quality of rape cultivars

作　　者：李志玉[1] 廖星[1] 涂学文[1] 郭庆元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所遗传改良中心,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2003年第6期33-37,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目 ( 2 0 0 1BA5 0 7A0 6) ;湖北省自然科学基金项目 ( 2 0 0 1ABB12 3 )

摘　　要：在湖北省大别山南麓的马肝泥稻田条件下 ,3个不同类型油菜新品种田间试验结果 ,不施肥处理的公顷产量仅 187 5～ 2 6 2 5kg ,施用氮、磷、钾肥增产 7～ 10倍 ,达极显著水平 ;施肥的增产效果杂交双低中油杂 2号大于常规双低中双 4号。 6个不同类型品种盆栽试验结果显示 ,在氮、钾基础上施磷肥苗期干物重增加 8 33～ 14 79倍 ,单株粒重增加 16 5 6～ 6 8 0 0倍 ,不同品种增产率为中双 6号 >中油 82 1>中油杂 2号 >中油杂 1号 >中双 4号 >中双 7号。表明中油 82 1和中双 6号对磷肥反应敏感 ,而中双7号、中双 4号和中油杂 1号较耐低磷 ;不同类型油菜品种施用氮、磷、钾肥均比对照极显著增加植株高度、分枝数、角果数和生物学产量 ;施用氮、磷、钾肥提高菜子中的油脂含量 ,降低蛋白质含量 ,油酸。Three groups of rape cultivars with double-high, conventional double-low and hybrid double-low traits were used in studying their response to fertilization on the paddy-rice field in the east of Hubei Province. The yields in the control treatment without fertilizer application ranged 187 5～262 5 kg,while significant yield increase by 7～10 times was observed in the treatments with application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. The hybrid double-low cultivar Zhong-you-za No.2 had higher yield increase compared to the conventional double-low cultivar Zhong shuang No.4. Experimants of pot cultivation with the soil collected from the field trials using 6 rape cultivars were also conducted. Application of phosphorus fertilizer in addition to suitable nitrogen and potassium could increase the dry weight of seedling by 8.33～14.79 times ,plant yield by 16.56～68.00 times. The sequence of cultivars in terms of yield increase was Zhong-shuang No.6>Zhong-you 821>Zhong you-za No.2>Zhong-you-za No. 1>Zhong-shuang NO.4>Zhong-shuang No.7,indicating that Zhong-you 821 and Zhong-shuang No.6 were more sensitive to phosphorus and Zhong-shuang No.7, Zhongshuang No.4 and Zhong-you-za No.1 were more tolerant. Application of N,P,K could increase oil content, oleic and linoleic content and reduce protein,glucosinate and eruic acid content.

关 键 词：氮 磷 钾 硼 油菜 品种 产量 品质 湖北 施肥 产量 苗期 干物质 中油821 中双6号 中双7号 中双4号 中油杂1号 植株高度 分枝数 角果数 生物学产量 油脂 蛋白质 

分 类 号：S565.406.2[农业科学—作物学]